Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
8Q:
What are the factors that effect the distribution, composition, and density of flora? |
-Climate -Exfoliation
-moisture -Bathing habits -Low pH 5.5 -Antibac. Soaps -Low Temp 33C -Chemical Comp. of Surface |
|
|
8Q:
Normal bacterial skin flora? |
aerobic and anaerobic bacteria numbering from 100-10,000 cfu/cm2
|
|
|
8Q:
What are dry areas colonized by? |
Gram + cocci (including aerobic and anaerobic diphtheroids)
|
|
|
8Q:
What are moist areas colonized by? |
Gram - Rods, both facultative and anaerobic organisms.
|
|
|
8Q:
Bedridden Pts tend to increase in what type of organism? |
Gram - bacteria
|
|
|
8Q:
What are the most frequent pathogens? |
Staphylococcus aureus
and Streptococcus pyogenes |
|
|
8Q:
Name some of the resident flora. |
-Propionibacterium acnes (Gm+rod)
-Staphylococcus epidermis (Gm+C) -Micrococcus sp. (gram + Cocci) -Corynebacterium sp (Gm- Rods) -Lactobacillus sp. (Gm- Rods) -Anaerobic Gm- Cocci -Aerobic Gm- Bacilli (low numbers) -Pityrosporum ovale (yeast) |
|
|
8Q:
Frequent flora and the infections that they cause? |
Staphylococcus aureus - abscesses, toxic shock and bacteremia
Streptococcus pyogenes - cellulitis, lymphangitis |
|
|
8Q:
Infrequent flora and the infections that they cause? (largely dependent on the exposure) |
-Haemophilus influenzae (cellulitis)
-E. coli (bed sores) -Clostridium perfringins (gangrene) -Francisella tularensis (tularemia) -Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) -Pseudomonas aeruginosa (hot tub infection) -Pseudomonas cepacia (“foot rot”) -Mycobacterium marinum (“fish tank cellulitis”) -Mycobacterium leprae (leprosy) |
|
|
8Q:
Exogenous Infections? |
-Bacteria gain entry through tiny abrasions in the skin.
-Excessive moisture induces skin maceration |
|
|
8Q:
What type of infection is commonly seen in Decubitus ulcers? |
-mixed infections (they are commonly mixed infections of staph, strep and enteric organisms.)
|
|
|
8Q:
What type of infection is common in a diabetic foot? |
mixed infection
|
|
|
8Q:
what are two examples of exogenous infections (Hint: "lets keep the lights on", and the other used to be a common cause of meningitis) |
- Primary Syphilis (Treponema pallidum)
- Conjunctivitis and early cellulitis (Haemophilus influenza) |
|
|
8Q:
What are Endogenous Infections? |
- Skin may become infected from the blood stream or by direct extension of an infection site deep within the tissues.
- This may be a systemic infection displaying itself on the skin. |
|
|
8Q:
what is an example of an endogenous infection? |
- Meningococcemia (neisseria meningitidis)
-Meningococcal gangrene as a result of septicemia -Secondary Syphilis (treponema pallidum) -Rash associated with rocky mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsil) |
|
|
8Q:
Is toxic shock an example of an exogenous or endogenous infection? |
- Endogenous
- Some infections are accompanied by rashes due to toxin release into the bloodstream, not the organism itself. |
|
|
8Q:
Fact for your knowledge. |
- A large number of rashes are noninfectious and secondary to septicemia or other systemic infections.
ex: -Splinter Hemorrhages - Petechiae |
|
|
8Q:
Acne Vulgaris |
- Most common of all skin disorders
- Primarily due to excessive sebum production and follicular plugging due to androgen formation, not directly the bacteria. -Prolif. of Proprionibacterium acnes - |
|
|
8Q:
Impetigo |
- Strep. pyogenes (30% co-infected with staph)
- Impetigo generally appears as honey-colored scabs formed from dried serum, and is often found on the arms, legs, or face. -Not limited to the face |
|
|
8Q:
What is Bullous Impetigo Associated with? |
Staph. aureus
|
|
|
8Q:
What is Erysipelas associated with? |
Strep. pyogenes
Not limited to the face |
|
|
8Q:
What is associated with Lymphangitis? |
Strep. pyogenes
tracks leading up the lymph ducts is an emergency situation. |
|
|
8Q:
What disorder of the skin is associated with the consumption of Raw Oysters? |
- Hemorrhagic Cellulitis
- (Vibrio vulnificus) - Severe bilateral lower leg pain and swelling. |
|
|
8Q:
In what organism is cellulitis most common? |
- Streptococcal infections
|
|
|
8Q:
Flesh eating Bacterium? |
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Causes cellulitis -Specific strain that contains large numbers of lipase enzymes that allows it to invade rapidly. -Must be treated fast. |
|
|
8Q:
Early necrotizing fasciitis? |
- Again caused by a strain of Strep. pyogenes
-Deep infection under the fat, and moves along the fascia. |
|
|
8Q:
Folliculitis? |
- Commonly caused by Staph. aureus
- But may also be caused by Pseudo. aeruginosa ("hot tub") |
|
|
8Q:
what organism commonly causes.... Furunculosis of boils? Carbuncles? |
Staph. aureus
|
|
|
8Q:
Hidradenitis Suppurativa? |
- Staph. aureus infection
- Groin area is common, this is an inflammation of the apocrine sweat glands. Foul smelling, painful, red pustules. |
|
|
8Q:
Erythrasma? |
- Corynebacterium minutissimum
- Looks like a yeast infection, often in the groin of armpits. - May also be caused by Candida |
|
|
8Q:
Ecthyma Gangrenosum? |
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Round or oval 1 cm to 15 cm lesion with a halo of erythema and usually with a necrotic center representing where the organism has invaded blood vessels and produced hemorrhagic infarctions |
|
|
8Q:
Ecthyma? |
- Strep. pyogenes or enterics
- a variation of impetigo, presenting at a deeper level of tissue |
|
|
8Q:
What organism is associated with Cat or Dog bites? |
- Pasteurella multocida (Gm- rod)
|
|
|
8Q:
Mass behind the ear associated with scratches from cats, what organism is responsible? |
- Bartenella henselae
- Small gram - aerobic bacilli - (cat scratch fever) |
|
|
8Q:
When is clean too clean? |
- washing hands too much, will increase bacteria.
-mild animicrobial soap will suffice -moisturizing is beneficial -alcohol hand rinses are better. |
