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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe a macule
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Macule
A circumscribed, flat discoloration that may be brown, blue, red, or hypopigmented |
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Describe a papule
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Papule
An elevated solid lesion up to 0.5 cm in diameter; color varies; papules may become confluent and form plaques |
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Describe a plaque
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Plaque
A circumscribed, elevated, superficial, solid lesion more than 0.5 cm in diameter, often formed by the confluence of papules |
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Describe a patch
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Patch
A circumscribed area of discoloration, greater than 1 cm, which is neither elevated nor depressed relative to the surrounding skin. |
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Describe a wheal
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Wheal (hive)
A firm edematous plaque resulting from infiltration of the dermis with fluid; wheals are transient and may last only a few hours |
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Describe a nodule
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Nodule
A circumscribed, elevated, solid lesion more than 0.5 cm in diameter; a large nodule is referred to as a tumor |
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Describe a tumor/mass
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Tumor (large nodule)
Solid, firm lesions >1 cm that can be above, level with, or beneath the skin surface. Also known as a mass. |
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Describe a vesicle
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Vesicle
A circumscribed collection of free fluid up to 0.5 cm in diameter |
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Describe a Bulla
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Bulla
A circumscribed collection of free fluid more than 0.5 cm in diameter |
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Describe a pustule
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Pustule
A circumscribed collection of leukocytes and free fluid that varies in size |
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Describe a cyst
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Cyst
A circumscribed lesion with a wall and a lumen; the lumen may contain fluid or solid matter |
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Describe telangectasia
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Telangectasia
Dilated superficial blood vessels |
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Describe a scale
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Scale
Excess dead epidermal cells that are produced by abnormal keratinization and shedding |
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Describe lichenification
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Lichenification
An area of thickened epidermis induced by scratching; the skin lines are accentuated so that the surface looks like a washboard |
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Describe a keloid
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Keloid
a type of scar, which depending on its maturity, is composed of mainly either type III (early) or type I(late) collagen. It is a result of an overgrowth of granulation tissue (collagen type 3) at the site of a healed skin injury which is then slowly replaced by collagen. |
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Describe a scar
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Scar
An abnormal formation of connective tissue implying dermal damage; after injury or surgery scars are initially thick and pink but with time become white and atrophic |
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Describe an excoriation
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Excoriation
any surface injury to the skin; may be caused by scratches, chemical or thermal burns, and abrasions. |
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Describe a fissure
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Fissure
A linear loss of epidermis and dermis with sharply defined, nearly vertical walls |
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Describe an erosion
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Erosions
A focal loss of epidermis; erosions do not penetrate below the dermoepidermal junction and therefore heal without scarring |
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Describe an ulcer
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Ulcer
A focal loss of epidermis and dermis; ulcers heal with scarring |
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Describe purpura
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Purpura
A circumscribed deposit of blood greater than 0.5 cm in diameter |
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Describe petechiae
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Petechiae
A circumscribed deposit of blood less than 0.5 cm in diameter red/purple spots that don't blanch on pressure - so when you push on them, you still see them. |
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Describe ecchymoses
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Ecchymoses
skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. • It implies a larger size than a petechia. • It has a more diffuse border than purpura. It can be caused by a bruise (which implies trauma), but can also be caused by bleeding diathesis. |
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Describe a crust
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Dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown, red, black, tan, or straw-colored
example: scab on abrasion, eczema |
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Describe atrophy
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thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin translucent and paper-like
example: striae; aged skin |
