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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Common causes of Pallor
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Anemia
Shock Local arterial insufficiency Albinisim Vitiligo |
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Common causes of cyanosis
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Increas amount of unoxygenated hemoglobin
Chronic heart/lung disease cause arterial desaturation Peripeheral exposure to cold, anxiety |
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Common causes of erythema
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Hyperemia-increase blood flow through engorged aterioles, such as in inflammation, fever, alcohol intake, blushing
Polycythemia-increased RBC's, capillary stasis Carbon monoxide poisoning |
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Common causes of jaundice
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Increased serum billirubin, more the 2 to 3 mg/100ml from liver inflammation or hemolytic disease, such as after sever burns, some infections
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Give an example of a patch
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Mongolian spot, vitiligo, cafe au lait spot, chloasma, measels rash
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Describe plaque in reference to the skin
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Papules coalesce to form surface elevation wider than 1 cm. A plateau-like, disk shaped lesion
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Give an example of a plaque
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psoriasis, lichen planus
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Describe what a nodule is
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Solid, elevated, hard or soft, larger than 1 cm. May extend deeper into dermis than papule.
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Give an example of a nodule
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Xanthoma, fibroma, intradermal nevi
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Describe a wheal
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Superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous; slightly irregular shape due to edema.
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Give an example of a wheal
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Mosiquito bite, allergic reaction, dermographism
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Describe a tumor
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Larger than a few centimeters in diameter, firm or soft, deeper into dermis; may be benign or malignant, although "tumor" implies "cancer" to most people.
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Give an example of a tumor
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Lipoma, hemangioma
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Describe Urticaria (Hives)
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Wheals coalesce to form extensive reaction intensely pruritic
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Describe vesicle
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Elevated cavity containing free fluid, up to 1 cm; a "blister" Clear serum flow if wall is ruptured.
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Give an example of a vesicle
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Herpes simplex, early varicella, herpes zoster (shingles), contact dermatitis
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Describe a bulla
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Larger than 1 cm; usually single changered (unilocular); superficial in epidermis; it is thim walled, so it ruptures easily
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Give an example of a bulla
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Friction blister, pemphigus, burns, contact dermatitis
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Describe a cyst
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Encapsulated fluid-filled cavity in dermis or SQ layer, tensely elevating skin.
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Give an example of a cyst
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Sebaceous cyst, wen cyst
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Describe pustule
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Turbid fluid (pus) in the cavity. Circumscribed and elevated.
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Give an example of a pustule
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Impetigo, acne
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