Skin Disorders, Conditions, And Diseases

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Lesions

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structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury. There are 3 types of lesions- primary, secondary and tertiary.

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Primary Lesion

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are lesions in the early stages of development or change. They are flat, no-palpable changes in skin-such as a macule-or by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity such as vesicles or pustules.

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Macule, Papule, Wheal, Tubercle, Tumor, Vesicles, Bulla, Pustule, Urticaria, Cyst

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Macule

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Is a flat spot or discoloration on the skin such as a freckle. They are neither raised nor sunken.

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Primary Lesion

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Papule

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a small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule.

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Primary Lesion

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Wheal

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is an itchy swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction or stings. Hives and mosquito bites are wheals.

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Primary Lesion

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Tumor

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is a large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication, varying in size, shape and color. (primary lesion)

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Nodules-are often referred to as tumors, but they are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits or infections.

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Tubercle

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is an abnormal rounded, solid lump larger then a papule. Lipoma, erythema, nodosum, and cysts are tubercles.

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Primary Lesion

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Vesicle

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are a small blister or sac containing clear fluid. Poison ivy and poison oak produce vesicles.

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Primary Lesion

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Bulla

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is a large blister containing watery fluid. They are similar to a vesicle but larger.

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Primary Lesion

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Pustule

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is an inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria, and other debris produced from an infection.

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Primary Lesion

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Uticaria

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Also known as hives also be caused by exposure to allergens used in products.

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Primary Lesion

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Cyst

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is a closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection or other matter.

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Primary Lesion

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Secondary Lesions

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of the skin develop in the later stages of disease

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*Small Kinky Car Eats Fuel Unless Standing Alone

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Scale

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is shedding of dead skin cells; flaky skin cells; any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily. Ex.- excessive dandruff or psoriasis.

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Secondary Lesion

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Keliod

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Is a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen). Keloids are usually genetically predisposed and may occur following an injury or surgery.

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Secondary Lesion

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Crust

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Dead cells formed over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. An example is a scab or sore.

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Secondary Lesion

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Excoriation

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A skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

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Secondary Lesion

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Fissure

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is a crack in the skin that may penetrate into the dermis. Chapped lips or hands are fissures.

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Secondary Lesion

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Ulcer

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Is an open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth. Is a deep erosion or depression in the skin, normally due to infection.

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Secondary Lesion

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Scar

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is a light colored slightly raised mark on the skin. It hardens to heal the injury. Thick elevated scars are hypertrophic, like a Keloid.

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Secondary Lesion

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Acne Excoriee

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is a disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions leaving scarring and discoloration.

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Secondary Lesion

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Hypertrophy

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is an abnormal growth, many are benign, or harmless, However some can be dangerous or cancerous. Hypertrophic is used to describe thickening of a tissue (the opposite is atrophy, which means thinning)

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Keratoma

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is an acquired thickened patch of epidermis, a callus, Or if the thickening grows inward it becomes a corn.

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Type of hypertrophy

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Keratoses

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is an abnormally thick buildup of cells. Hyperkeratosis- is a thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells, keratinocytes. Actinic keratoses, pink or flesh colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough are a result of sun damage and should be checked by a dermatologist.

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Hypertrophies

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Keratosis Pilaris

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is redness bumpiness in the cheeks or upper arms, caused by blocked follicles.

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Hypertrophies

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Atopic Dermatitis

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is a rash. Atopic is “Excessive inflammation from allergies.”

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Inflamation

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Contact Dermatitis

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Is an inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical.

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Inflamation

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Dermatitis

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is an inflammatory condition of the skin, eczema, vesicles or papules.

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Inflamation

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Eczema

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is an inflammatory, painful, itching disease of the skin, with dry or moist lesions.

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Inflamation

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Edema

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is swelling from a fluid imbalance in the cells or a response to injury or infection.

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Inflamation

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Erythema

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is redness caused by inflammation

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inflamation

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Folliculitous

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Ingrown hairs

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inflamation

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Pseudofulliculitis

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razor burn (no pus)

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inflamation

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Perioral dermatitis

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acne like condition around the mouth, not contagious

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inflamation

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Pruitis

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is the medical term for itching

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Inflamation

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Psoriasis

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is a skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white silver scales. Not contagious but can spread easily by irritating it.

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inflamation

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Rosacea

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is an inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, dilation of blood vessels and in severe cases the formation of papules and pustules.

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inflamation

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Telangiectasia

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is a vascular lesion, describes capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger or distended blood vessels. Also called couperose

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inflamation

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Urticaria

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is an allergic reaction. Hives

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inflamation

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Pigmentation disorders

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Referred to as dyschromia, can be caused by internal or external factors, the sun is the biggest external factor

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Hyperpigmentation

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over production of pigment, increased melanin

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Chloasma

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increased pigmentation; liver spots (hyperpigment)

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Lentingenes

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freckles (hyperpigment)

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nevus

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birthmark or mole (hyperpigment)

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stain

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brown or wine colored discoloration, appear after deceases or after moles, freckles or liver spots are gone, a port wine stain is a birthmark, which is a vascular nevus. (hyperpigment)

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Tan

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defense against UV rays (hyperpigment)

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Albinism

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absence of melanin pigment in the body, skin, hair and eyes, the technical term is congenital leukoderma (hypopigment)

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Leukoderma

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light, abnormal patches caused by a congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells, vitiligo and albinism are examples (hypo)

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Vitiligo

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white spots or areas on the skin from a lack of pigment cells, can worsen with time and sun (hypo)

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skin cancer

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forms when cells begin to divide rapidly and unevenly caused by damage to DNA. There are 3 types, named after the type of cells that are affected. Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinuma, and malignant melanoma.

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Basal cell carcinoma

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most common and least servere. Often appears as light pearly nodules. Basal cells dont spread as easily and can be easily removed.

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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more serious condition than basal. It is characterized by red or pink scaly papules or nodules. Sometimes have open sores that do not heal, can spread.

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Malignant Melanoma

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The most serious form of skin cancer. Black or dark patches on the skin. Can also be tan or even white. Uneven texture, raised, or jagged. Can spread throughout the body. Is often found in areas not exposed to sun.