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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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multiple lesions blending together
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confluent/coalescent
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flat discoloration <1cm in diameter
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macule
(freckle) |
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circumscribed area of skin edema
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wheal
(Hive) |
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narrow linear crack onto epidermis, exposing dermis
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fissure
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vescicle-like lesion with purulent content
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pustule
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flat discoloration > 1cm in diameter
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patch
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raised lesion, larger than 1cm may be same or different color from surrounding skin
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plaque
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netlike cluster
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reticular
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loss of epidermis and dermis
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ulcer
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loss of skin markings and full skin thickness
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atrophy
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skin thickening usually found over pruritic or friction areas
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lichenification
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in a ring formation
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annular
(erythema migrans) |
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caused by red blood cells trapped by skin
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petechiae, ecchymosis
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How many grams of topical cream needed for single application to arm?
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3
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How many grams of topical cream needed for single application to face or hands?
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2
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How many grams of topical cream needed for single application to entire body?
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30-60
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What part of body absorbs topical agent most effectively?
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face, axillae or genital area
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what type of topical medication absorbs best?
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ointment
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mechanism of action of topical corticosteroid
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vasoconstriction
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tip to enhance potency of topical corticosteroid
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cover with occlusive dressing
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Possible adverse effect of diphenhydramine in elderly
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urine retention, visual changes, drying of mucous membranes
(anticholinergic) |
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What generation antihistamine is Benadryl?
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First
(causes sedation) |
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What generation antihistamine is chlor-trimeton?
(Chlorpheniramine) |
first
(sedating) |
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What generation antihistamine is Claritin
(Loratadine) |
second
(less sedating) |
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What generation antihistamine is Zyrtec
(Cetirizine) |
second
(less sedating) |
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Bacteria causing bullous impetigo
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Staph aureus
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Bacteria causing non bullous impetigo
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Staph and group A strep
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Preferred treatment for impetigo with few lesions
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Bactroban
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Preferred treatment for involved impetigo
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Dicloxacillin (beta lactamase),
Cephalexin (sec gen cephalosporin) Cefadroxil |
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Treatment for MRSA cutaneous infection
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trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
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Medication that can contribute to acne
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lithium
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first line therapy for closed comedone acne
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benzoyl peroxide
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Very common side effect of retin-a
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photosensitivity
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Acne lesions that respond well to topical antibiotics
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inflammatory
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Treatment for Rosacea
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MetroGel
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What type of ance responds best to Accutane?
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Cystic acne
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Cat bite treatment
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Amoxicillin clavulanate
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Burn: skin blanches with ease
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First degree
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Burn: blisters with raw and moist surface
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Second degree
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Burn: surface is white and leathery
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third degree
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Common site for atopic dermatitis in adults
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flexor surfaces
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Common site for atopic dermatitis in infants
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diaper area
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Mechanism of action of Elidel
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immunomodulator--block T cell stimulation
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Tzanck smear with giant multinucleated cells
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herpesvirus
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Risk factor for postherpetic neuralgia
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involvement of trigeminal or brachial plexus region
severe rash Intense prodromal pain Advanced age |
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Common trigger for atopic dermatitis
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exposure to nickel
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A common site for atopic dermatitis in an adult is the
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flexor surfaces
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Common site for atopic dermatitis in an infant is the
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face
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Mechanism of action for pimecrolimus in the treatment of atopic dermatitis
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immunomodulator
(block T cell stimulation by antigen presenting cells and inhibit mast cell activation) |
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Atopic dermatitis is a type ____ hypersensitivity reaction
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I
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During an acute herpes zoster (shingles) attack, what virus is shed?
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chickenpox (varicella-zoster)
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exam finding: excoriated papules on interdigital area consistent with
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scabies
(mites burrow in areas of warmth) |
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exam finding: red, well-demarcated plaques on the knees or elbows
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psoriasis
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Psoriasis treatment Anthralin has what kind of activity
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antimitotic
(prevents mitosis) |
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Potential adverse effects of long term high-potency topical corticosteroid use
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telangiectasia
skin atrophy adrenal suppression |
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ABCDE for
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malignant melanoma
A=asymmetry B=borders irregular C=color variability D=diameter >6mm E=evolving lesions (new or changing) |
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"PUT ON" (sunscreen) for
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basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
P=pearly papule U=ulcerating T=telangiectasia O=on face, scalp, pinnae N=nodules |
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"NO SUN" for
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squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
N=nodular O=opaque S=sun-exposed areas U=ulcerating N=nondistinct borders |
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Most frequent cause of stasis ulcers
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venous insufficiency
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Treatment for stasis ulcers
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compression therapy (unna boot)
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ulcerated lesion with irregular borders and edema with brown discoloration of surrounding tissue
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venous stasis ulcer
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absent popliteal pulses, cool, hairless foot with ulcer with "punched out" appearance
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arterial insufficiency ulcer
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HPV types that cause cutaneous, nongenital warts
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1,2 and 4
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HPV types that cause genital warts
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6 and 11
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HPV types that cause malignancies
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16,18
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Most common causative organisms in cellulitis
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Group A beta-heme strep
Staph aureus |
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Antibiotic treatment for cellulitis when MRSA risk low
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dicloxacillin or a macrolide (azithromycin or clarithromycin)
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Treatment of suspected MRSA
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Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
2 double strength tabs TID (add rifampin if large, multiple lesions) |
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An afebrile patient with abscess less than 5cm and otherwise healthy; first line treatment
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incision, drainage and localized care.
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