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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Anemia (decreased hematocrit) or shock (decreased perfusion, vasoconstriction) |
Light skin: generalized pallor Brown skin appears yellow brown, dull Black skin appears ashen gray, dull Skin loses healthy glow |
Check areas with least pigmentation such as conjunctivae, mucous membranes |
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Local arterial insufficiency |
Light skin: marked, localized pallor (i.e. lower extremities, especially when elevated) Brown skin: ashen gray, dull; cool to palpation |
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Albinism |
Total absence of pigment melanin throughout the intrgument Light skin: whitish pink Brown skin: tan, cream, white |
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Vitiligo |
Patchy depigmentation from destruction of melanocytes Light skin: patchy milky-white spots, often symmetric, bilaterally Brown skin: same |
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Cyanosis |
Increased amount of unoxygenated hemoglobin Light skin: dusky blue; peripheral - nail beds dusky Brown skin: dark but dull, lifeless; only severe is seen in skin |
Central: chronic heart and lung disease cause arterial desaturation; peripheral: exposure to cold, anxiety |
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Hyperemia |
Increased blood in engorged arterioles Light skin: red, bright pink Brown skin: purplish tinge, difficult to see Palpate for increased warmth with inflammation, taut skin, & hardening of deep tissues |
Inflammation, fever, alcohol intake, blushing |
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Polycythemia |
Increased RBCs, capillary stasis Light skin: ruddy blue in face, oral mucosa, conjuntiva, hands and feet Brown skin: well concealed by pigment; check for redness in lips |
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning |
Light skin: bright cherry red in face and upper torso Brown skin: cherry red color in nail beds, lips and oral mucosa |
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Venous stasis |
Decreased blood flow from area, engorged venules Light skin: dusky rubor of dependent extremities; a prelude to necrosis with pressure sore Brown skin: easily masked; use palpation for warmth or edema |
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Jaundice |
Increased serum bilirubin from liver inflammation or hemolytic disease such as after severe burns, some infections |
Light skin: yellow in sclera, hard palate, mucous membrane then over skin Brown skin: check sclera for yellow near limbus; best noted in junction of hard & soft palate also palms |
