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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 2 types of melanocytic nevi?
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congenital and acquired
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what are the 3 types of acquired melanocytic nevi? **
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Junctional- nevus cells remain at DE junction
Compound- nevus cells found at DE junction and in the dermis Dermal- nevus cells found in the dermis |
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where do you commonly find dermal nevi?
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on the face :)
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how do congenital nevi grow ?
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they grow as the child grows
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Small congenital nevi: size? malignant potential?
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<1.5cm
not normally malignant |
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Medium congenital nevi: size? malignant potential?
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1.5cm-19.9cm
Malignant potential controversial if it is in an easily visualized place, leave it, if not easily monitored, take it out |
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Large congenital nevi: size? malignant potential?
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5% or greater body surface; usually on trunk (>20 cm)
Malignant transformation occurs Incidence 1.8-7.1% Half of the melanomas occur by age 3-5 Removal if possible |
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are blue nevi more likely to be melanoma?
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no, they are only blue because of the the Tyndall Effect
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what is a dysplastic nevi?
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Marker for increased risk of melanoma
NOT a true “pre-cancer” May have “fried egg” appearance Irregular and dark pigmentation Irregular borders |
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if you have a nevi with “fried egg” appearance
Irregular and dark pigmentation Irregular borders what type of nevi is it? what is it a marker for |
dysplastic
marker for increased risk of melanoma |
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**** What is a Becker's Nevus?
TEST |
Hamartomatous growth of smooth muscle fibers
Can consist of a brown macule, a patch of hair, or both Can be assosiated with hypoplasia of ipsilateral limb or breast, or skeletal anomalies Malignancy has never been reported |
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a patient has a Hamartomatous growth of smooth muscle fibers
what is this? TEST* |
Becker's Nevus
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are there increased melanocytes in a Becker's Nevus
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NO!
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patient comes in with a depigmented area with a mole in the middle. What is this? what caused it
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Halo Nevus
immune reaction to nevus |
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between the age of 25-30 what is the most commonly occurring cancer in women/
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melanoma
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what is the most common type of melanoma? ***TEST
occurs where? |
Superficial spreading Type
back and legs |
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the 2nd most common melanoma is very aggressive. What is it?
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nodular type
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a patient comes in with what looks like a button mushroom growing on the back of the leg. After biopsy there was still pigment in the dermis. What does this patient have?
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nodular type melanoma
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a liver spot is what? what causes it? is it likely to kill you
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lentigo maligna
sun damage no |
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a man comes into the office with a melanoma on the toe and and part of the sole of their foot. What is this? What type of patient was it? is it aggressive?
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Acral lentiginous type malignant melanoma
likely a black or asian person VERY AGGRESSIVE cut that shit out |
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what is Hutchinson's sign?
What is it a sign of? **TEST |
Appearance of a pigmented band with extension into the proximal or lateral nail fold
Suggests acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) |
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what are the ABCDE's of malignant melanoma
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Asymmetry
Border (is it smooth?) Color (more color=bad) Diameter (larger=bad) Evolving (any changes noted by the patient) |
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do all melanomas have pigment in them?
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not necessarily
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when you suspect a melanoma, what is the thing you MUST do?
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BIOPSY
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what is the recommended biopsy?
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biopsy down to fascial plane (when possible)
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what is the Breslow Depth?
****MUST KNOW |
Measured from the granular layer to the deepest portion of malignant cells
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what is the determinant of prognosis for melanoma?
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The Breslow Depth
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Higher Breslow Depth means?
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MORE LIKELY TO BE MALIGNANT
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Breslow Depth greater than 1mm means what?
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higher risk for metastasis
Recommend sentinel lymph node biopsy this shit is serious |
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what is a sentinel lymph node?
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1st lymph node in the LN basin to which the primary drains
Lymph node most at risk for metastasis put in dye, see where it goes to with the most dye, and cut that bad boy out this is a diagnostic test for malignant melanoma |
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if you have a >1mm Breslow thickness what are you going to do?
**TEST |
sentinel lymph node biopsy
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