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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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do you see inflammation with superficial or cutaneous or neither infection?
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cutaneous
(will see red coloration and itching) |
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What do subcutaneous fungi require to exist?
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they must have been implanted, via a thorn or some other mechanism
they are rare |
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What can be used to confirm the presence of a fungal organism on the skin?
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All can be identified by microscopy, aided by KOH digestion and simple staining
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on the surface of this skin, what kind of fungi will you see most often?
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hyphae (mold)
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What is Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor? What kind of disease is it
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this is a superficial fungal disease
chronic, mild infection of stratum corneum, results in scaly lesions. No inflammatory response. |
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is Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor associated with an inflammatory response?
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NO!!
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a patient comes to you with splotchy looking skin with noted depigmentation/pigmentation at the site of growth. They also have scaly lesions. What does this patient likely have?
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Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor
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What causes Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor?
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Caused by Malassezia furfur ,
aka Pityrosporum orbiculare, ovale |
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Malassezia furfur causes what fungal disease?
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Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor
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***ON TEST
Your nurse hands you a slide from another physician and asks you to identify what the patient has so she can give the proper treatment. Under the scope with a KOH stain it looks like spaghetti and meatballs. What do they have? |
Malassezia furfur: Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor
fungi and yeast together |
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A patient comes in with itchy skin that fluoresces under the Wood's lamp. Under KOH microscopy you see fungi and yeast together, what do they have?
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this is likely spaghetti and meatballs soooo
Malassezia furfur: Pityriasis (or tinea) versicolor |
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What are 2 possible consequences of Malassezia overgrowth?
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1. Cradle Cap
2. Dandruff |
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A 1 year old child is brought in by his parents with a yellowish patchy rash on his head. The mother is scared thinking that the baby may have some rare allergies. You calmly respond....
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its not allergies, it is cradle cap due to malassezia overgrowth!
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Itraconazole/ketoconazole, Selenium Sulfide, and Pyrithione zinc are all used to treat what?
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Malassezia overgrowth
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a patient comes in with non-scaling, non-inflammatory brown lesions on their hands. What do they have?
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tinea nigra
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what causes tinea nigra
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Exophiala werneckii
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what is Exophiala werneckii
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brown- black pigmented yeasts, found in soil, shower curtains
leads to tinea nigra |
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what is tinea nigra?
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brown/black macular lesions usually on hands
and/or feet. May resemble melanoma. Non-scaling, non- inflammatory. |
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what two things do you use to treat tinea nigra?
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Salicylic acid,
Benzoic acid |
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a patient calls you and says he is using Whitfield's ointment, you immediately know that he is using it to treat...
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tinea nigra: Exophiala werneckii
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what is black/white piedra?
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infection on external hair
shaft, forming either black nodules (Piedraia hortae) or white nodules (Trichosporon beigelli). |
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a patient has black piedra and is worried about further illness. He says doc, what drugs do you put me on for this? Are they serious? You reply...
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I am not putting you on any drugs
I am shaving your head. suck it |
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do “dermatophytoses”, tineas (ringworms) induce an inflammatory response?
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YES!!!
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what do “dermatophytoses”, tineas (ringworms) metabolize?
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keratin (skin/hair/nails)
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a patient with tinea corporis would be affected where? what do they have?
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ringworm of trunk, legs
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a patient with tinea imbricata would be affected where? what do they have?
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concentric rings of scales over trunk, legs, forearms.
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outside of the common cold, waht is the most common infectious agent in the world?
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Trichophyton rubrum
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what 3 things cause tinea corporis? (what is the major one)
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Trichophyton rubrum,
Microsporum canis Trichophyton mentagrophytes |
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what causes tinea imbricata
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Trichophyton concentricum
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a patient comes in with tinea corporis and you want to take a sample of it. Where should you collect the sample?
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this will grow in an outward ring fashion, so the fungus is located on the edges of the growth, so you would want to get your sample from there
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a patient comes in with concentric rings of scales over the trunk
what do they have? |
tinea imbricata
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what is tinea pedis?
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(athlete's foot): scaling between the toes, lateral side
of the foot. “Moccasin pattern”. Itching, skin cracks. Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum. |
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patient comes in with itching, scratching, and scaling on the foot. They are especially found on the cracks and interdigitally. What do they have?
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tinea pedis (athlete's foot)
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what is tinea cruris
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jock itch
rash, scaling, inner thighs. Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes |
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what are the 2 types of tinea capitis?
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ectothrix (conidia outside of hair shaft),
or endothrix (conidia inside of shaft) |
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what is tinea capitis
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scalp ringworm, favus): disease of children, classified as ectothrix (conidia outside of hair shaft), or
endothrix (conidia inside of shaft); |
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a patient comes in with hair loss, scaling and inflammation of the scalp skin. what do they likely have?
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tinea capitis
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you have a patient with tinea capitis where the conidia are on the outside of the hair shaft. What type of tinea capitis would you classify this as?
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ectothrix
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what is tinea barbae
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infection of the
hair and skin around the bearded areas of the neck and face. Trichophyton verrucosum, mentagrophytes. |
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a man comes in with yellowing nails that are breaking down. What does he have?
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tinea unguium
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tinea unguium
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fungal infection of the nails, causing thickening, fissuring,
colorization (brown, white, yellow). Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Fusarium sp., Candida sp |
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azoles, tolnaftate , terbinafine, and griseofulvin are all used to treat?
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tinea unguium
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terbinafine is the preferred medication for what fungal problem?
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tinea unguium
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a patient comes in with wart-like cauliflower pigmented lesions of the foot. He likely has
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chromoblastomycosis
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what 3 fungi are responsible for chromoblastomycosis
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Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Cladosporium carrionii,
Phialophora verrucosa |
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after jumbling up your unlabeled slides (you clumsy doc you) you pick one up at random. You start looking at it and see copper penny spores, so you know this came from a patient with...
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chromoblastomycosis
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what is sporotrichosis
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rose thorn disease) - ulcerative papule, spreads via
draining lymph channels, nodular granulomas, chronic |
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today is not your day. you keep mixing up slides! you look at one and see asteroid bodies, so you know the patient has
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sporotrichosis (rose thorn disease)
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what do you use to treat sporotrichosis (rose thorn disease)?
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Oral potassium iodide (SSKI),
itraconazole, Amphotericin B. |
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what is the cause of sporotrichosis (rose thorn disease)
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Sporothrix schenckii
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a man returns from a trip to the jungle and has reported stepping on something. Since then, he has small painless papules and nodules on his foot. What does he have?
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mycetoma (Madura foot)
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what is mycetoma (Madura foot)
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infection via thorns and
splinters. Small, painless papules and nodules, sinus tract formation leads to spread, deeper tissue infiltration. Can lead to bone destruction over a period of months/years. |
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if a person is not treated for mycetoma (Madura foot, what is a long term problem that can occur?
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Can lead to bone destruction over a period
of months/years. |
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ROSE THORN DISEASE WILL BE ON THE TEST
what causes it!? |
Sporothrix schenckii
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what are the 2 causes of mycetoma?
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Pseudoallescheria boydii, Madurella mycetomatis.
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What are Ids?
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reaction to a tinea infection
it is a vasicular or pustular eruption that occurs on fingers/hands or feet/toes it is distant from the site of original infection No fungus associated with the actual Id itself |
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a patient comes in with vasicular pustular eruptions on fingers/hands due to fungal infection
what are these? |
Ids
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