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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three stages of learning?
Describe them. |
Cognitive:
Gaining a mental understanding of how to execute a skill. Associative: Trialing the new skill. Refining/trial & error. Autonomous: When the skill has been mastered and can be executed automatically, where little conscious thought is required. |
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What is a motor skill?
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Part of a movement or group of movements which produces a desired outcome when performed in a sequence.
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What is a skilled performance?
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A skilled performance is like a motor skill but requires the coordination of muscle groups to adapt to certain situations.
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What is a motor program?
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A series of motor skills put together in a specific sequence with correct timing in between motor skills.
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What is a motor ability?
Provide an example. |
The natural ability of a person is his/her natural ability to execute a skill.
E.g. A group of beginners learn to play a sport, some will be better than others assuming no prior practice or experience comes in play. |
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What is a closed motor skill?
Provide an example. |
A closed motor skill are performed in a predictable environment where there are no interruptions or changes in the surroundings.
E.g. Ten-pin bowling where the conditions remain relatively similar. |
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What is an open motor skill?
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Open motor skills are performed in changing environments where certain factors which affect the outcome are varying.
E.g. Surfing where each wave is at a different speed, at different highs, etc. |
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What is a closed/open skill continuum?
Provide an example. |
The classifications of how open or closed a skill is.
E.g. Netball would be much more open than windsurfing, as the players (netball) have to consider the opponent and team mates while the windsurfer has only him/herself to consider. |
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How do you open up a skill?
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Opening up a skill is when you simulate skills in a more game like situation, this could be as simple as adding a goalie for soccer penalty practice.
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What is a fine motor skill?
Provide examples. |
A fine motor skill is where you use a small localised group of muscles as well as the sense of sight and touch.
E.g. Typing, writing, etc. |
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What is a gross motor skill?
Provide examples. |
Involves a combination of large muscle actions which results in coordinated movement.
E.g. Catching, kicking, throwing, etc. |
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What is a discrete skill?
Provide examples. |
Movements for a brief duration with a distinct beginning and end.
E.g. Kicking or punching. |
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What is a serial skill?
Provide an example. |
A group of serial skills put together to create a more complicated action, with a definite beginning and end.
E.g. A gymnastics routine |
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What is a continuous skill?
Provide examples. |
Continuous skills which have no discrete beginning or end.
E.g. Swimming, running, cycling, etc. |
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What are the factors affecting the acquisition of a skill.
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- Physical maturation
- Physical fitness capability - Arousal level - Motivation - Feedback - Practice - Perceptual ability |
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What does perceptual ability mean?
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Interrupting information from the senses to enable a performance of a skill.
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What is proprioception?
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The ability to feel a movement through the muscles, tendons, ligaments and skin.
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What is a cue and what is meant by the strength of a cue?
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Information from the environment.
Refers to how obvious the cue is, includes intensity, etc, |
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What is perceptual mechanism?
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The primary ability involved in interpretation of sensory information.
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What is signal detection?
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The ability to detect cues and information.
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Name 5 factors which affect the detection of signals from the environment.
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1) Ability of sense organs
2) Strength of the cue 3) Distractions 4) Speed of the cue 5) Arousal level |
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What is the single channel hypothesis?
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That we can only process one cue at a time.
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What is selective attention?
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Where our brain filters out irrelevant information and focus relevant cues.
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What are and explain the stages of memory?
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Short term sensory store:
Last for 1 second, unlimited capacity. Short-term memory: 60 Second duration, limited capacity. Long-term memory: Through rehearsal, etc we gain knowledge to our long-term memory, which has unlimited duration and unlimited capacity. |
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What is chunking?
Provide an example. |
Bunching numbers such as a telephone number, into smaller numbers to aid in memory.
E.g. 52438652 Chunked = 52 438 652 |
