Skeletal System Terms

Front 1

Oste/o

Back 1

bone

Front 2

Cancellous bone

Back 2

ligher, less strong bone, found in the ends and inner portions of long bones

Front 3

compact bone/Cortical

Back 3

very heavy, dense, and strong, makes up shafts of long bones

Front 4

Osteroblasts

Back 4

immature bone cells that produce bony tissue

Front 5

Osteoclasts

Back 5

phagocytic cells that eat away bony tissue

Front 6

Periosteum

Back 6

tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outer covering of bone

Front 7

Medullary Cavity

Back 7

inner space of bone

Front 8

Endochondral bone formation

Back 8

bone grows in to and replaces a cartilage model

Front 9

Intramembranous bone formation

Back 9

bone forms in to fibrous tissue membranes that cover the brain in developing fetus

Front 10

fontanel

Back 10

a soft spot

Front 11

bone suture

Back 11

immovable fibrous joint between skull bone

Front 12

diaphyses

Back 12

portion of long bone between the end or extremities

Front 13

epiphyseal plates

Back 13

growth plates

Front 14

physis

Back 14

segment of the bone use for lengthening

Front 15

calcitonin

Back 15

polypeptide hormone secreted by thyroid gland

Front 16

parathyroid hormone

Back 16

PTH-secretion of which is dependent on the serum calcium concentration

Front 17

Axial

Back 17

axis bone of the vertebral column

Front 18

appendicular

Back 18

an appendage

Front 19

Fossa

Back 19

hollow or depressed space

Front 20

Foramen

Back 20

natural opening or passage

Front 21

Orbit

Back 21

bony cavity containing the eye

Front 22

process

Back 22

prominence or projection as from a bone

Front 23

cartilage

Back 23

specialized, gristly connective tissue

Front 24

articular surfaces

Back 24

places where two bones contact each other to form joints

Front 25

condyles

Back 25

large, round articular surfaces

Front 26

Head

Back 26

contains the brain and organs of special sense

Front 27

Hyaline/ Articular Cartilage

Back 27

covers the surfaces of synovial joints

Front 28

sesamoid

Back 28

small nodular bone embedded in a tendon or joint capsule

Front 29

articulate

Back 29

to unite by joints

Front 30

dislocation, luxation

Back 30

displacement of bone or joint

Front 31

fibrous joints

Back 31

immovable, (splint bones)

Front 32

Cartilaginous joints

Back 32

slightly moveable (mandibular symphysis)

Front 33

Synovial joints

Back 33

freely moveable (elbow)

Front 34

Tendons

Back 34

muscle attachment

Front 35

ligaments

Back 35

a band of fibrous tissue connecting bones and cartilage

Front 36

symphysis

Back 36

a type of joint in which the apposed bony surfaces are firmly united by a place of cartilage

Front 37

Hinge joints

Back 37

elbow

Front 38

gliding joints

Back 38

carpus

Front 39

pivot joints

Back 39

alantoaxial joint

Front 40

ball and socket joints

Back 40

coxofemoral joint

Front 41

long bones

Back 41

length usually exceeds its width and thickness (femur)

Front 42

short bones

Back 42

approximately equal length, width and thickness ( carpal, tarsal)

Front 43

flat bones

Back 43

thickness is slight, usually curved, rather then flat (scapula)

Front 44

irregular bones

Back 44

peculiar or complex forms (verterbrae)

Front 45

Dens

Back 45

tooth or toothlike structure

Front 46

Vertebral Arch

Back 46

hollow tunnel called spinal canal

Front 47

Costochondral junction

Back 47

junction between bone and cartilage

Front 48

Intercostal space

Back 48

space between each rib

Front 49

False ribs

Back 49

ribs 10,11,12 do not attach directly to sternum

Front 50

Floating ribs

Back 50

Rib 13 does not attach to anything

Front 51

Pneumonic bones

Back 51

pertaining to the lung

Front 52

Ungual Crest`

Back 52

growth area for nail on distal

Front 53

Os Coxae

Back 53

hip or pelvis

Front 54

Hock

Back 54

the ankle joint of quadruped; the tarsus

Front 55

Calcaneal tuberosity/Calcaneous Process

Back 55

long posterior projecting bone of the hock

Front 56

Open/compound Fracture

Back 56

a fracture in which bone is sticking through skin

Front 57

Closed/ simple fracture

Back 57

fracture that causes little to no damage to surrounding tissue

Front 58

Comminuted fracture

Back 58

bone that is broken, splintered, or crushed into a number of pieces

Front 59

compression fracture

Back 59

collapse of vertebrae

Front 60

spiral fracture

Back 60

fracture caused by twisting force

Front 61

oblique fracture

Back 61

break that has a curved or sloped pattern

Front 62

Transverse fracture

Back 62

the break across a bone, at a right angle to the long axis of bone

Front 63

Greenstick/Incomplete fracture

Back 63

a break or rupture in the bone

Front 64

Avulsion fracture

Back 64

injury to bone where tendon or ligament attaches

Front 65

splint bones

Back 65

rudimentary metacarpal or metatarsal bones in horses

Front 66

hematopoiesis

Back 66

formation and development of blood cells

Front 67

ossification

Back 67

formation of or conversion into bone or bony substance

Front 68

dysplasia

Back 68

an abnormality of development

Front 69

chondroprotectant

Back 69

encourages production of joint fluid

Front 70

Reduction

Back 70

correction of fracture, luxation, hernia

Front 71

Fixation

Back 71

operation of holding, suturing or fastening

Front 72

Abduction

Back 72

drawing away from the axis of the limb

Front 73

adduction

Back 73

drawing towards a center or median line

Front 74

Flexion

Back 74

bending or the condition of being bent

Front 75

extension

Back 75

movement by which the two ends of any jointed part are drawn away from each other

Front 76

Rotation

Back 76

pivoted around axis

Front 77

circumduction

Back 77

circular movement of limb or the eye

Front 78

amputation

Back 78

removal of limb

Front 79

crepitation

Back 79

dry, crackling sound or sensation

Front 80

subluxation/luxation

Back 80

partial dislocation

Front 81

manipulation

Back 81

forcible passive movement of joint beyond its active limit of motion.