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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 3 functions of the skeletal system? |
Any of: 1. Support 2. Protection 3. Mineral Storage 4. Blood cell production 5. Attachment sites for skeletal muscles |
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What are the two sections that the skeletal is divided? |
1. Axial 2. Appendicular |
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What parts of the body is the axial skeleton made up of? |
1. Skull 2. Vertebral Column 3. Thoracic Cage (sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae) includes the coccyx |
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How many bones are in the human body and what are the 4 bone shapes? |
206
1. Long bone 2. Short bone 3. Flat bone 4. Irregular bone |
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What type of bone does a long bone and a short bone contain? |
Long bone: compact Short bone: spongy |
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What is the general anatomy of a long bone? |
Epiphysis (joints) Diaphysis (between the two epiphysis) EG: Humerus - epiphysis is at the shoulder joint and elbow joint, the diaphysis is the length of the humerus |
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What is the structure of a long bone? |
Periosteum - connective tissue membrane Articular cartilage - made of hyaline cartilage and covers the external surface of epiphyses Medullary cavity - yellow marrow (adults) and red marrow (children) Arteries - supply bone cell with nutrients |
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What happens during bone growth? |
- New cartilage is formed - Bones grow longer and thicker - Old cartilage is ossified (turns into bone) |
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What is a bone fracture? |
A break in the bone |
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What are three common types of a bone fracture? |
Depressed (Skull fracture), Spiral (sports injury), Greenstick fracture (children) |
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What are the 4 stages of bone healing? |
1. Hematoma formation 2. Fibrocartilage callus formation 3. Bony callus formation 4. Bone remodeling |
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Fill in the blanks |
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What are paranasal sinuses? |
Hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity |
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What is the purpose of the hyoid bone? |
Serves as a moveable base for the tongue |
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What are the 5 sections of the vertebral column and how many vertebrae's make up each section? |
Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacrum (5 fused) Coccyx (4 fused) |
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Label the hand |
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What are the bones of the pelvic girdle? |
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What are some differences between a male and female pelvis? |
- Male pubic arch is narrower than 90 degrees (female is wider) - Female pelvis is wider |
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What are the bones found in the foot? |
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What are the 3 arches of the foot? |
Medial longitudinal arch, transverse arch, lateral longitudinal arch |
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What is the structural classification of joints? |
Fibrous joints (bones united by fibrous tisse: eg sutures of skull), Cartilaginous joints (bones united by hyaline cartilage: eg intervertebral joints), Synovial joints (synovial fluid found in joint cavity) |
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What are some features of synovial joints? |
- Provide free movement between the bones they join - Joint surfaces are enclosed by a fibrous articular capsule - Joint cavity (filled with synovial fluid) - Reinforced by ligaments |
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What is a bursae? |
A flattened fibrous sac |
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What is a tendon sheath? |
Elongated bursa that wraps around the tendon |
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What are the 6 freely movable joints? |
1. Plane Joint 2. Hinge Joint 3. Pivot Joint 4. Condyloid Joint 5. Saddle Joint 6. Ball and Socket Joint |
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What are the 3 inflammatory conditions associated with joints? |
Bursitis – inflammation of a bursa usually caused by a blow or friction Tendonitis – inflammation of tendon sheathsArthritis – inflammatory or degenerative diseases of joints |
