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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Parts of the skeletal system
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bones(skeleton)
joints cartilage ligaments |
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divided into 2 divisions
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axial
appendicular |
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axial skeleton
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head ribcage spine
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appendicular skeleton
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arms legs hips shoulders
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functions of bones
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supports the body
protects soft parts movement storage of minerals and fats blood cell formation(hematopoeisis) |
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bones of the human body
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the skeleton has 206 bones
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two types of bone
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compact bone
spongy bone |
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compact bone
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homogeneous
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spongy bone
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small needle like pieces of bone
many open spaces |
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classification of bones
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long bones
short bones flat bones irregular bones |
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long bones
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typically longer than wide
have a shaft with heads at both ends contain mostly compact bone femur, humerus |
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short bones
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mostly cube-shaped
comprised of spongy bone wrist carpals, ankle tarsals |
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flat bones
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this and flattened
usually curved thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone skull ribs sternum |
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irregular bones
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irregular shape
do not fit into other bone classification categories vertebrae and hip bones |
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long bone
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diaphysis
epiphysis periosteum sharpey's fibers arteries articular cartilage medullary cavity |
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diaphysis
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aka:shaft
composed of: compact bone |
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epiphysis
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aka: ends of the bone
composed mostly of: spongy bone |
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periosteum
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outside covering of the diaphysis
fibrous connective tissue membranes |
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sharpy's fibers
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secure periosteum to underlying bone
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arteries
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supply the bone cells with nutrients
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articular cartilage
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covers the external surfaces of the epiphyses
made of hyaline cartilage decreases friction at joint surfaces |
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medullary cavity
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cavity of the shaft(marrow)
contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults contains red marrow (for blood cell formation) in infants |
