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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bone cells
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cells the body has programmed to create bones
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immature bone
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the first formation of bone
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ossification
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bone formation
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osteoblasts
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bone-forming cells that secrete a matrix which becomes calcified
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osteoclasts
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large multinucleated cells that reabsorb bone matrix
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osteocytes
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former osteoblasts that are surrounded by bone matrix and have calcified
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cortical (compact) bone
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the hard layer that generally makes up the outer layer of bones
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cancellous bone
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a spongy structure; refers mostly to bone tissue
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canaliculi
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the narrow channels through which the osteocytes extend
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lacunae
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small cavities containing mature bone cells
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osteocytes
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mature bone cells
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long bones
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bones whose length is greater than their width, such as the bones of the extremities
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short bones
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shaped more like cubes and generally found in the ankle and wrist (tarsus and carpus)
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flat bones
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found in the cranial vault, sternum, shoulder blades and ribs. made up of a layer of marrow sandwiched between two layers of compact bone
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irregular bones
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a mix of irregularly shaped bones that do not fall into any of the other bone-type categories. Found in the face, spinal column and hips.
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sesamoid bones
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mostly rounded masses embedded in certain tendons and are usually related to the surfaces of joints. Included in this group are the patella (kneecap), metacarpophalangeal joints of the hands, and metatarsophalangeal joints of the toes
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wormian bones
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small bones found between suture lines of the skull where the edges of the skull bones are joined together
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sinuses
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cavities inside a bone
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head
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rounded end of a long bone (the rounded tip)
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foramen
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opening or hole in a bone
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tubercle
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small rounded projections
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fossa / groove / pit
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indentation of a bone, also called a depression
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condyles / epicondyles
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rounded bone projections
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neck
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constricted end of a long bone before the head or rounded end
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canal / meatus
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long or deep hole in a bone
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facets
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small, smooth, and flat areas
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tuberosity
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large rounded projections
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axial skeleton
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the bones of the skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, sternum, hyoid, and ears
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