Skeletal Muscular System

Front 1

Platysma

Back 1

Lowering corner of mouth; grimacing

Front 2

Masseter

Back 2

Raising mandible during chewing; closes mouth

Front 3

Buccinator

Back 3

Cheek muscle that allows sucking on a straw

Front 4

Temporalis

Back 4

Assists in raising mandible during chewing

Front 5

Orbicularis oris

Back 5

Closing lips; puckering; compresses lips against teeth; the band muscle

Front 6

Orbicularis Oculi

Back 6

Closing eyes; squinting

Front 7

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 7

(One) rotation of head

(Two) flexion of head

Front 8

Frontalis

Back 8

Raises eyebrows

Front 9

Trapezius

Back 9

Raises clavicle (shrug); extension of head; moves/braces scapula

Front 10

Deltoid

Back 10

(Anterior) flexion of arm

(Mid) vertical abduction of arm

(Posterior) extension of arm

Front 11

Teres major

Back 11

Adduction and extension of arm

Front 12

Rotator cuff (name 4)

Back 12

1. Supraspinatus

2. Infraspinatus

3. Teres minor

4. Subscapularis

Front 13

Supraspinatus

Back 13

Initiates vertical abduction of arm; assists lateral rotation

Front 14

Infraspinatus

Back 14

Lateral rotation and horizontal abduction of arm

Front 15

Teres minor

Back 15

Lateral rotation and horizontal abduction of arm

Front 16

Subscapularis

Back 16

Medial rotation of arm

Front 17

Teres major

Back 17

Extends and medially rotates humerus; contributes to arm swinging

Front 18

Rhomboideus major and minor

Back 18

Retract scapula and brace shoulder; fox scapula during arm movements

Front 19

Rectus abdominis

Back 19

Flexion of vertebral column; depresses ribs

Front 20

External abdominal oblique

Back 20

Lateral flexion of vertebral column; compresses abdomen; depresses ribs

Front 21

Internal abdominal oblique

Back 21

Lateral flexion of vertebral column; compresses abdomen; depresses ribs

Front 22

Transverse abdominal

Back 22

Compress abdomen (only)

Front 23

Diaphragm

Back 23

Contracts during inhalation and relaxes during exhalation

Front 24

External intercostals

Back 24

Assists in normal inhalation by elevating ribs

Front 25

Internal intercostals

Back 25

Assists in forced exhalation by pulling ribs together

Front 26

Biceps brachii

Back 26

Flexion of forearm; assists supinatuon of forearm/hand

Front 27

Brachialis

Back 27

(Prime mover) flexion of pronated forearm at elbow

Front 28

Brachioradialis

Back 28

Flexion of forearm when forearm already partially in flexion

Front 29

Triceps brachii

Back 29

Extension of forearm at elbow; assists vertical adduction

Front 30

Prontator teres

Back 30

Assists pronation and flexion of forearm (pronator quadratus is prime mover)

Front 31

Hand extensors

Back 31

Extension of hand at wrist

Front 32

Hand flexors

Back 32

Flexion of hand at wrist

Front 33

Gluteus maximus

Back 33

Extension and lateral rotation and assists flexion of thigh; supports pelvis

Front 34

Gluteus medius

Back 34

Vertical abduction and medial rotation of thigh; stabilizes pelvis while walking

Front 35

Biceps femoris

Back 35

Flexion (during partial leg flexion) and lateral rotation of leg; extension of thigh

Front 36

Semitendinosus

Back 36

Flexion and medial rotation of leg; extension of thigh

Front 37

Semimembranosus

Back 37

Flexion and medial rotation of leg; extension of thigh

Front 38

Quadriceps femoris muscles (name 4)

Back 38

1. Rectus femoris

2. Vastus lateralis

3. Vastus medialis

4. Vastus intermedius

Front 39

Rectus femoris

Back 39

Extension of leg; flexion of thigh at hip with leg flexion

Front 40

Vastus lateralis

Back 40

Extension of leg (only)

Front 41

Vastus medialis

Back 41

Extension of leg (only)

Front 42

Vastus intermedius

Back 42

Extension of leg

Front 43

Iliopsoas complex

Back 43

(Primary mover) flexion of thigh

Front 44

Tensor fascia latae

Back 44

Assists flexion, abduction, and medial rotation of thigh

Front 45

Sartorius

Back 45

Assists flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation of thigh when crossing legs

Front 46

Gracilis

Back 46

Adduction of thigh; flexion and medial rotation of leg

Front 47

Adductor magnus

Back 47

Adduction and medial rotation of thigh; extends thigh at hip

Front 48

Adductor longus

Back 48

Adduction and medial rotation of thigh; flexes thigh at hip

Front 49

Adductor brevis

Back 49

Adduction of thigh

Front 50

Gastrocnemius

Back 50

Plantar flexes foot; steadies less on ankle during standing

Front 51

Soleus

Back 51

Plantar flexes foot; steadies leg on ankle during standing

Front 52

Tibialis anterior

Back 52

Flexion and inversion of foot (dorsiflexion)

Front 53

Calcaneal tendon

Back 53

Attaches gastrocnemius and soleus to calcaneus