Skeletal Muscles Exam 2

Front 1

Orbicularis oris

Back 1

 Origin: Maxilla and mandible
 Insertion: Lips
 Action: Compress (purse) lips
 Kiss

Front 2

Orbicularis oculi

Back 2

 Origin: Medial orbit
 Insertion: Skin around eyelids
 Action: Close eye
 Blink, wink, squint

Front 3

Temporalis

Back 3

 Origin: Temporal fossa
 Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible
 Action: Elevate mandible

Front 4

Masseter

Back 4

 Origin: Zygomatic arch
 Insertion: Lateral ramus of the mandible
 Action: Elevate mandible

Front 5

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 5

 Origin:Manubrium,Medial clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action: Unilateral: Turn head
 Bilateral: Flex neck and head

Front 6

Diaphragm

Back 6

Origin: Xiphoid.Lumbar vertebrae (anterior)
Insertion: Central tendon
Action: Expands thoracic cavity

Front 7

External Intercostals

Back 7

 Origin: Inferior border of rib
 Insertion: Superior border of rib
 Action: Elevate ribs / inspiration

Front 8

Internal Intercostals

Back 8

 Origin: Superior border of rib
 Insertion: Inferior border of rib
 Action: Depress ribs / expiration

Front 9

External abdominal oblique

Back 9

 Origin: Ribs 5-12
 Insertion: Linea alba.
Action: rotate trunk

Front 10

Internal abdominal oblique

Back 10

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion: Linea alba.
Action:rotate trunk

Front 11

Transversus abdominis

Back 11

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion: Linea alba.
Action: Compress abdominal wall

Front 12

Rectus abdominis

Back 12

Origin: Superior pubis
Insertion: Xiphoid process.
Action: Flex vertebral column.

Front 13

Quadratus lumborum

Back 13

Origin: Iliac crest.
Insertion: 12th rib.
Action: Laterally flex spine

Front 14

Serratus anterior

Back 14

Origin:anterior parts
of ribs 1-8/9
Insertion: Anterior vertebral border of
scapula
Action: Protract scapula

Front 15

Pectoralis minor

Back 15

Origin: anterior part of ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process
Action: Protracts and depress scapula

Front 16

Trapezius

Back 16

Origin:External occipital protuberance to T12
Insertion:Acromion.
Action:Retract scapula

Front 17

Levator scapulae

Back 17

Origin: Transverse process of cervical
vertebrae
Insertion: Superior vertebral border of scapula
Action: Elevates scapula

Front 18

Rhomboid minor

Back 18

Origin: Spinous process of C7-T1
Insertion: Vertebral border of
scapula
Action: Adducts scapula.

Front 19

Rhomboid major

Back 19

Origin: Spinous process of T2-T5
Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula
Action: Adducts scapula.

Front 20

Pectoralis major

Back 20

Origin:Body of sternum.
Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle
Action:
 Flex, adduct and medially rotate humerus.

Front 21

Coracobrachialis

Back 21

Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Medial humerus
Action: Flex and adduct humerus

Front 22

Latissimus dorsi

Back 22

Origin:thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: Extend, adduct, and medially rotate
humerus.

Front 23

Teres major

Back 23

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle
Action: Extend and medially rotate humerus

Front 24

Subscapularis

Back 24

Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: Medially rotate humerus

Front 25

Infraspinatus

Back 25

Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Laterally rotate humerus

Front 26

Teres minor

Back 26

Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Laterally rotate humerus

Front 27

Supraspinatus

Back 27

Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Abduct humerus

Front 28

Deltoid

Back 28

Origin:Acromion
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity
Action:Abduct humerus

Front 29

Biceps brachii

Back 29

Origin:Coracoid process,Supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Action: Flex antebrachium

Front 30

Brachialis

Back 30

Origin: Distal, anterior humerus
Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity
Action: Flex antebrachium

Front 31

Brachioradialis

Back 31

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Distolateral radius
Action: Flex antebrachium

Front 32

Triceps brachii

Back 32

Origin:Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
Action: Extend antebrachium
 Long head: steadies abducted humerus

Front 33

Supinator

Back 33

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
Insertion: Anterolateral radius
Action: Supinate antebrachium

Front 34

Pronator teres

Back 34

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus.
Insertion: Lateral radius
Action: Pronate antebrachium

Front 35

Flexor group

Back 35

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Action: Flex wrist and digits

Front 36

Extensor group

Back 36

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Action: Extend wrist and digits

Front 37

Iliacus

Back 37

Origin: Iliac fossa
 Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
 Action: Flex hip

Front 38

Psoas major

Back 38

Origin: Transverse processes of L1-L5
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flex hip

Front 39

Sartorius

Back 39

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Proximomedial tibia
Action: Abduct and flex hip

Front 40

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Back 40

Origin: Anterior iliac crest
Insertion:iliotibial tract
Action: Abduct hip

Front 41

Gluteus maximus

Back 41

Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity.Iliotibial tract
Action: Extend hip

Front 42

Gluteus medius

Back 42

 Origin: Lateral ilium
 Insertion: Greater trochanter
 Action: Abduct hip

Front 43

Gluteus minimus

Back 43

Origin: Inferolateral ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Abduct hip

Front 44

Pectineus

Back 44

 Origin: Superior ramus of pubis
 Insertion: Pectineal line of femur
 Action: Adduct and flex hip

Front 45

Adductor brevis

Back 45

Origin:inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera
Action: Adduct and flex hip

Front 46

Adductor longus

Back 46

Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera
Action: Adduct and flex hip

Front 47

Adductor magnus

Back 47

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis.Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Linea aspera
Action: Adduct and flex hip

Front 48

Gracilis

Back 48

 Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis
 Insertion: Proximomedial tibia
 Action: Adduct and flex hip

Front 49

Rectus femoris

Back 49

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
Action: Extend knee

Front 50

Vastus lateralis

Back 50

 Origin: Greater trochanter. Linea aspera
 Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
 Action: Extend knee

Front 51

Vastus intermedius

Back 51

 Origin: Anterolateral femur. Linea aspera
 Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
 Action: Extend knee

Front 52

Vastus medialis

Back 52

 Origin: Medial femur. Linea aspera
 Insertion: Tibial tuberosity
 Action: Extend knee

Front 53

Biceps femoris

Back 53

Origin:Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Fibular head
Action: Extend thigh, Flex knee

Front 54

Semitendinosus

Back 54

 Origin: Ischial tuberosity
 Insertion: Proximomedial tibia
 Action: Extend thigh, Flex knee

Front 55

Semimembranosus

Back 55

 Origin: Ischial tuberosity
 Insertion: Posterior to medial tibial condyle
 Action: Extend thigh, Flex knee

Front 56

Tibialis anterior

Back 56

Origin:Lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion:Medial
cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Action: Dorsiflex foot

Front 57

Fibularis longus

Back 57

Origin: Head of fibula
Insertion:Medial cuneiform and
base of 1st metatarsal
Action: Plantar flex foot

Front 58

Gastrocnemius

Back 58

Origin: Adjacent to femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flex foot. Flex knee

Front 59

Soleus

Back 59

Origin: Soleal line
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flex foot

Front 60

What is the name of the fibrous sleeve
(arising from the aponeuroses of the
external oblique, internal oblique, and
transversus abdominis) that encloses the
rectus abdominis muscle?

Back 60

Rectus sheath

Front 61

What is the name of the longitudinal,
collagenous line between the left and right
rectus abdominis muscles where the above
fibrous sleeve connects along the midline?

Back 61

Linea alba

Front 62

What 4 muscles form the rotator cuff by
merging their tendons with the joint capsule
of the glenohumeral joint?

Back 62

 Subscapularis
 Teres minor
 Infraspinatus
 Supraspinatus

Front 63

What happens if trauma (crushing injury,
contusions, strain) results in bleeding (and
tissue fluid buildup) into a compartment?

Back 63

 Ischemia
Compartment syndrome

Front 64

What do we call the wide bands of
thickened fascia on the anterior and
posterior aspects of the wrist and ankle
which retain tendons (preventing bowstringing)?

Back 64

 Flexor retinaculum
 Extensor retinaculum