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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neuromuscular blockers |
Paralyses muscles Intraoperative use ICU |
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Skeletal muscle relaxants |
Treat skeletal muscle spasms or spasticity May act on the CNS or muscles Muscles can still move but may be weakened |
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Anti-spasmodics |
Smooth muscle relaxants Treat muscular organs dysfunction e.g. GI, bladder |
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Succylcholine |
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker structurally similar to Acetylcholine rapid onset and short duration |
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Non depolarising muscle relaxants |
Competitive block Antagonistic at ACh receptors |
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Pancuronium |
NDMR-Long acting |
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Atracurium |
NDMR- intermediate acting 10 isomers release histamine |
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Cisatracurium |
NDMR- intermediate acting 2 isomers more potent, longer than Atra do not realse histamine |
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Vecuronium |
NDMR- intermediate acting powder form |
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Rocuronium |
NDMR- intermediate acting rapid onset most taken up by liver and elminated via the bile reverse: sugammadex |
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Mivacurium |
NDMR-shorting acting |
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Reverse of NDMR |
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor + anticholinergic (neostigmine +atropine/ glycopyrrolate) |
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Diazepam |
Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants -Spasms (involuntary muscle contractions) Site of action: spinal cord acts on GABAa receptors & increaseGABAa receptors affinity for GABA in the brain andin the spinal cord |
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Baclofen |
Centrally acting MR for spasticity (involuntary muscle stiffness) SOA: spinal cord (block afferent pathway) Oral GABA analog |
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Adverse effect of Baclofen |
Confusion, headache, insomnia Hypotension Nausea, constipation Urinary frequency Asthenia, dizziness, somnolence muscle weakness |
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Dantrolene |
Peripherally acting MR for spasticity (involuntary muscle stiffness) Site of action: muscle fibre Inhibit Ca release in SR--> X depolarization |
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Botulinum toxin A (Botox) |
Peripherally acting MR for spasticity irreversibly binds presynaptically to high-affinity recognition siteson the cholinergic nerve terminals |
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Hyoscine butylbromide (scopolamine) |
SM antispasmodics (anticholinergic drug) - high affinity for muscarinic, also nicotinic -GI spasms |
