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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Type 1 Size |
Small |
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Type 1 Energy Supply |
Oxidative phosphorylation (aerobic) |
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Type 1 Mitochondria |
Greater and larger |
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Type 1 Color |
Red |
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Type 1 SR |
Less |
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Type 1 Contraction and Conduction |
Slow |
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Type 1 Fatigue |
High Resistance |
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Soleus muscle |
Type 1 |
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Maintaining posture |
Type 1 |
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Type 1 Nerve supply |
Innervated by small nerve fibers |
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Myoglobin |
Red pigment - oxygen binding (in type 1) |
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Type II A Energy Supply |
Fast Oxidative |
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Type II B Energy Supply |
Fast Glycolytic |
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Gastrocnemius muscle |
Combo of Type 1 and Type II A |
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Fatigue |
Glycogen is consumed Accumulation of extracellular K+ lactic acid accumulation nerve fibers use up Ach |
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Passive tension |
Tension when stretching a muscle |
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Total tension |
Tension when muscle is contracted to different loads |
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Active tension |
Total tension - Passive tension |
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Isometric contraction |
Static work - no change in length but tension increases |
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Isotonic contraction |
Change in length but constant tension |
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Creatine Phosphate |
ADP -> ATP Enzyme: Creatine Phosphokinase ADP + Creatine Phosphate -> ATP + Creatine |
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Glycolysis |
Breakdown of glycogen -> pyruvic & lactic acid Glycolysis: ADP -> ADP Cytosol 2.5 times faster than aerobic can occur without oxygen |
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Fenn effect |
Greater amount of work performed = greater amount of ATP cleaved
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Phosphagen System |
4 moles/min 8-10 seconds |
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Glycogen lactic acid system |
2.5 moles/min 1.3 - 1.6 min |
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Oxidative system |
1 mole/min unlimited |
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Activation Heat |
Release of heat during twitch/tetanus 1. release of Ca from SR 2. binding of Ca to Troponin C |
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Shortening Heat |
Heat due to crossbridge cycling and breakdown of glycogen |
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Maintenance Heat |
Calcium accumulation |
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Recovert Heat |
Heat released when resynthesizing substances after they were broken down |
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Labile meaintenance heat |
binding Ca to sarcoplasmic proteins |
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Stable maintenance heat |
Crossbridge turnover and reuptake of calcium |
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Heat of Relaxation |
Heat produced when muscle lengthens during relaxation |
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Shape and nuclei of skeletal muscle |
Cylindrical, multinucleated |
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Shape and nuclei of smooth muscle |
Spindle, mononucleated |
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Shape and nuclei of cardiac muscle |
Cylindrical and branched, mononucleated and binucleated |
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Intercalated disks |
In Cardiac muscle |
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Unitary smooth muscle |
Connectional units |
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Multiunit smooth muscle |
No connectional units |
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Malignant Hyperthermia |
Defect in SR Ca release channels (RYR) becomes activated Muscle rigidity, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and hyperventilation |
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Central Core Disease |
Defect in RYR Increases intracellular Ca which leads to overload of Ca and loss of mitochondria muscle weakness |
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Brody Disease |
Decreased activity in Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic reticulum Results in Muscle camping |
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Rigor Mortis |
Absence of ATP which is required to release myosin head from actin |
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Effect of Denervation |
muscle atrophy fibrillation - jerky stimulation |
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Fasciculation |
jerky contractions that ocur due to discharge of spinal motor neuron |
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Myasthenia Gravis |
muscle weakness due to destruction of acetylcholine receptors at NMJ |
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Summation |
Adding individual twitch contractions to increase overall muscle contraction |
