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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeletal system develops from... |
Paraxial Lateral plate(Somatic) Neural Crest |
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Paraxial Mesoderm differentiates into Dorsolateral columns called.... Ventromedial... Dorsolateral... |
Somites Sclerotome Dermomyotome |
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Somitomeres first appear cephalocaudally. In the Head region they form in association with the neural tube... From the occipital region causally they form... |
Neuromeres Somites |
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Lateral plate mesoderm |
Pelvic and Shoulder Girdles and Long Bones of the Limbs |
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Neural Crest Cells |
Mesenchyme then to bones of the face and skull |
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Occipital Somites And Somitomeres |
Cranial Vault And Base Of the Skull In dermis...IMBF Most bones...ECBF |
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Neurocranium Membranous Part... NSC AND PARAXIAL Cartilaginous Part... |
Cranial Vault Base of the Skull |
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Sutures Neural Crest Cells... Paraxial Mesoderm... |
Sagittal Coronal |
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Prechordal Chondrocranium |
Those that lie in front of the rostral limit of the notochord, which ends at the level of the pituitary gland in the center of the sella turicica, derived from neural Crest Cells. |
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Chordal Chondrocranium |
Posterior to this limit arise from paraxial Mesoderm. |
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Viscera cranium is formed from the first two pharyngeal arches. First arch gives rise to the dorsal and central portion. |
Dorsal...The maxillary process that gives rise to the maxilla, zygo bone and part of temporal bone. Ventral...The mandibular process, contains Meckel’s cartilage surrounding the mesenchyme...Membranous ossification...Mandible. |
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Dorsal tip of the mandibular process plus second pharyngeal arch |
Three ossicles |
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Face is smaller than the neurocranium |
- absence of the paranasal air sinuses - small size of the bones |
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Neural Crest Cells |
Vulnerable population as they leave the neuroectoderm...target of teratogens. |
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Cranioschisis |
Cranial Vault fails to form Brain tissue exposed to amniotic fluid. Anencephaly. Cranial neurospore failing to close. |
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Regulation of suture |
TGF B FGFs FGFRs Control cellular proliferation, differentiation and migration |
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Craniosynostosis(FGFR 1 And 2) And Dwarfism (FGFR 3) |
Premature closure of one or more sutures. |
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Early closure of Sagittal Premature closure of the coronal Premature closure of the coronal and lambdoid |
Scaphocephaly Acrocephaly Plagiocephaly |
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Mutations in MSX2...Boston type craniosynostosis(Parietal) TWIST gene...Craniosynostosis (Coronal) |
* |
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FGFR 1 FGFR 2 FGFR 3 |
Pfeiffer Syndrome... Pfeiffer Apert Jackson-Weiss Crouzon .... Achondroplasia Thanatophoric Type 1/2 Hypochondroplasia... |
