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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the axial skelton made up of the
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rib cage, spinal colomn,skull
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what is the appendicular skeleton made up of
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upper and lower extremities and shoulder and pelvis
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what is bone composed of
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20% water calcium phospherous an d magnesium
collegen |
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six functions of skeletal system
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protection of vital organs
gives body shape place for muscles to attach produces rbc,wbc,and platelets stores body calcium structure |
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describe spinal column
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stack of vetebrae that support head and trunk,keeps body errect
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the rib cage consists of
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12 pair of ribs attach by cartilage to the sternum anterioly and to thoracic vertabrae posterioly
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the top 10 ribs attatch
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both anterioly and posterioly
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the bottom 2 ribs attatch
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only by thoracic spine
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rib cage can be classified by
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true and false ribs
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false and true ribs consider
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the first 7 are considered true
the last false because |
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primary function of rib cage
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protect heart and lungs
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how is long bones constructed
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3 regions epiphysis,diaphysis,and metaphysis
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what does the epiphysis contain
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red bone marrow-rbc/wbc and platelets
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diaphysis contain
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yellow marrow -contains fat
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metaphysis
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metaphysis contain lattice work
connecting epiphysis to diaphysis |
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how do long bones grow
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epiphysis growth plate starts off as cartilage becomes ossified at maturity
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three kinds of synovial joints
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pivitol-wrist,neck elbow
hinge joint knee ,elbow ball and socket-hip,shoulder |
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6 types of fractures
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greenstick
compound(open) simple/closed impacted comminuted spiral depressed |
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what is a greenstick fx
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not a complete break most common in children
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what is a simple/closed fx
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a complete fx of bone/no skin broken
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what is a compound/open fx
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complete break with skin broken
usually needs pins to repair |
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what is a comminuted fx
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more than 1 fx with several bone fragments
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what is a impacted fx
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fx bones jammed toghether
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what is a depressed fx
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found in skull broken pieces driven inward
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what is a spiral fx
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twisted around bone
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what is a colles
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a fx in wrist
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osteoarthritis
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progressive deterioration of joint cartilage,usually hip,knee joint pain stiffness,grating and joint fluid
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rheumotoid arthritis
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chronic inflammatory disease
occuring intermittenly,damages synovial membrane,causing edema and congestion,bone atrophy,deformities |
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bursitis
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inflammation of bursa,painful inflamation of the join sac
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congenial hip dysplasia
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dislocation of childs hip at birth
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dislocation
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painful displacement of the bones of the joint ,usually fingers,shoulders,knees often resulting in joint fx
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epicondylitis
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tennis elbow,inflammation of forearm extensor tendon attachment to humerus.
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gout
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metabolic disease resulting in severe joint pain from deposits of urates
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hallux valagus
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lateral deviation of the great toe with enlarged 1st metatarsal
and the formation of a bunion |
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herniated disk
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causes severe back pain ,radiating deep into buttocks and down back of legs
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kyphosis
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humpback
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osteoporosis
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porous brittle bones
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scoliosis
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a lateral curvature of spine
usually thoracic,resulting from spina; column rotation |
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sprain
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a tear in the ligaments resulting in pain
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carpal tunnel syndrome
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decreased sensitivity in the first 2 fingers and thumb often with atrophy of the thumb muscle on palm side
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bunion
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an inflammed bursa of the great toe filled with fluid and covered with a callus
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lordosis
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sway back a bowing of back usually thoracic area
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subluxation
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partial or incomplete dislocation of the articulating surfaces of bones at a joint causing deformity pain and extremity length change
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