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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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theory that states that all living things come from a previously living organism, and that the diversity of life on earth has arisen during this process of descent
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Organic Evolution
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groups of the same species (same kind) of organism that live in the same area and can reproduce with one another
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population
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theory that states that because some characteristics of organisms result in high survival and reproduction, those characteristics will be passed on at a higher frequency from generation to generation in populations of organisms, until they are predominant traits in the population
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Natural Selection
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traits that help individuals to out-compete other individuals withina population living in a particular environment that increase their chance of survival
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adaptation
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the formation of two or more new specie from a single pre existing species
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Speciation
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a group of individuals that can potentially reproduce with one another and produce healthy, fertile ofspring, but can not reproduce with individuals in other such groups
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species
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the evolutionary "tree of life" which shows the related relativeness of the species included
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phylogeny
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studies of phylogeny determine
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evolutionary relationships among apecies--evolutionarily speaking, species are cloesley related if they have recently evolved from the same common acnestor, and distantly related if it has ben a long time since they evolved from the same common ancestor
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:Limb length in mammals _____ (is/is not) related to running speech such that ______ (fast/ slow mammals) have ________ (longer/shorter limb bones)
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is; fast; longer
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Modes of locomotion:
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Cursorial, Fossorial, Saltatorial, Amphibious, Volant, Arboreal
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moving along the surface of the earth using all 4 limbs in a regular pattern (e.g. cheetahs, humans)
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Cursorial
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Types of cursorial
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plantigrade, digitigrade, unguligrade
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walking on metatarsals and phalanges (may also walk on metacarpals and phalanges)
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Plantigrade
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moderate running on bones of phalanges only
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Digitigrade
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fast running on tipsof phalanges only (horse)
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Unguligrade
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burrowing (ground hog)
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Fossorial
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jumping (frog)
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Saltatorial
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swimming (fish)
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Amphibious
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flying (bird)
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Amphibious
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climbing (squarrel)
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Arboreal
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