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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What components does the pancreas consist of ? |
Acini Langerhans Islet |
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What cells included in Langerhans Islet ? |
Beta: insulin 60% Alpha: glucagon 25% Delta: Somatostatin 15% |
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What is the function of insulin? |
There is a generalized effect Participates in glucid, protein, lipid metabolism |
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What is the function of insulin in muscle glucid metabolism ? |
Increased diffusion of glucose across membranes. ->Produce ATP ->Store as glycogen if there is an excess of glucose |
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What is the function of insulin in liver glucid metabolism ? |
Produce ATP Store glycogen If storing glycogen remain excess glucose -> Lipid -> Blood Convert glycogen into glucose when starving |
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What is the function of insulin in lipocyte glucid metabolism ? |
Produce ATP Store the excess of glucose in lipid’s form. |
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What is the function of insulin in brain, retina, genital cells glucid metabolism ? |
Glucose alone to make ATP Does not need the help of insulin in transporting glucose into cells |
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When glycemia drops below 50 mg/dL ? |
Coma, convulsions, death |
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Are brain, retina, genital cells dependent on insulin ? Why? |
No. When insulin drops -> The cells receive no glucose -> definitely die. |
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What is the function of insulin in protein metabolism ? |
Increased synthesis Inhibits protein utilization |
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How does insulin help increase protein synthesis ? |
Increased diffusion of aa into cytoplasm Increased mRNA translation Increased the gene code of DNA |
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What is the function of insulin in lipid metabolism ? |
Produce lipoprotein to supply for lipocyte |
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How does insulin inhibit lipid metabolism ? |
Inhibits lipase ez |
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How does insulin inhibit lipid metabolism ? |
Inhibits lipase ez |
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If there is a lack of insulin, what will be the disorder in lipid metabolism ? |
Decreased insulin -> increased lipase activity -> increased triglyceride breakdown -> increased the formation of glycerol and fat acid -> increased more choles and VLDL -> increased risk of atheroclerosis Decreased insulin -> increased lipase activity -> more glycerol and fat acid in blood -> form more aceto-acetic acid -> acid beta-hydroxybutgric and aceton -> metabolic acidosis -> coma, convulsions. |
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Insulin lowers glycemia by ? |
Increased diffusion glucose Increased glycogen metabolism in muscle and liver Increased lipid metabolism in fat cells and liver |
