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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a autoimmune syndrome of diffuse goiter with hyperthyroidism, exopthalmos, tachy and tremor; heat intolerance and weight loss?
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graves' disease
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if TSH levels are increased then what can you predict to be the cause of the hyperthyroidism?
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pituitary related
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if TSH levels are DECREASED what can you predict to be the cause of hyperthyroidism?
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thyroid caused
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what is the MC situation of hyperthyroidism?
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thyroid dependent
low TSH elevated T3, T4= |
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what is the cause of hyperthyroidism assciated with graves disease?
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a circulating immunoglobulin G (TSAb) that is directed against the TSH receptors on the follicular cells of the thyroid
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granulomatous production in front of the tibia and behind the eyes is indicitive of ?
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hyperthyroid/Graves' dz
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what are the 3 possible tx for Graves' hyperthyroidism?
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"BAR"
1.medical BLOCKADE of hormone 2.radioiodine ABLATION 3.surgical RESECTION |
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how is iodide administerd as treatment for hyperthyroid/Graves?
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as potassium iodide
or Lugol's solution |
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a counterintuitive effect in which iodide is adminstered and temporarily inhibits the release of thyroid hormone from the gland is called?
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Wolff-Chaikoff effect
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what is the isotype of choice for the radioablation of hyperactive thyroid tissue?
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131 I
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a thionamide drug used to treat hyperthyroidism by decreasing the amount of thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland.
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PTU
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a solitary tumor of the thyroid gland that produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormone and causes clinically overt hyperthyroidism?
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toxic adenoma
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how can you differentiate between hyperthyroidism caused by graves and hyperthy. caused by toxic adenoma?
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in graves: thyroid is diffusely enlarged
in t.a.: normal/small thyroid, with a palpable hot nodule |
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what would the labs read for a patient with toxic adenoma?
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Increased T3 , T4
decreased TSH |
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toxic multinodular goiter?
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plummer's disease
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what type of cells give rise to well differentiated thyroid cancers?
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follicular cells (papillary and follicular varieties)
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what type of cells give rise to medullary carcinoma?
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parafollicular cells
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what type of cells give rise to lymphoma?
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lymphoid cells
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what is the MC type of thyroid malignancy in the US?
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papillary carcinoma
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psammoma bodies?
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concentric layers of calcium indicitive of PAPILLARY CA
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what is the risk factors for papillary carcinoma of the thyroid?
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AGES:
Age histologic Grade Extent of disease tumor Size |
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this carcinoma presents with a monotonous, relatively uniform apperance of microfollicles ?
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follicular CA
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what type of thyroid carcinoma presents in both thyroid lobes and the p has a history of familial MEN-2?
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medullary carcinoma
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if you are suspicious of medullary carcinoma what could you expect to see in the plasma screening?
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elevated calcitonin
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what is the treatment for medullary cancer with out obvious lymph node metastases?
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total thyroidectomy and central lymph dissection
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what is the aggressive carcinoma that arises from follicular cells but is totally dedifferentiated?
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anaplastic carcinoma
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how do you distinguish betweena lymphoma from hashimoto's thyroiditis?
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core needle biopsy
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what is the blood supply to the parathyroid glands?
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multiple branches of the inferior thyroid arteries
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what hormone regulates calcium homeostasis?
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parathyroid hormone PTH
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what are the 3 main elements that are crucial to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis?
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PTH
calcitonin magnesium |
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what is the MOA of PTH?
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directly increases calcium resorption in the proximal convoluted renal tubule and increases phosphate clearance
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