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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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trauma |
physical injury or wound produced by an external or internal source |
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load |
external force(s) acting on internal tissue |
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stiffness |
ability of a tissue to resist a load |
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stress |
internal resistance to an external load |
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strain |
extent of deformation to an external load |
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deformation |
change in shape of a tissue |
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elasticity |
property that allows a tissue to return to normal following deformation |
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yield point |
elastic limit of tissue |
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plastic |
deformation of tissues that exists after the load is removed |
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creep |
deformation of tissues that occurs with application of a constant load over time |
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mechanical failure |
exceeding the ability to withstand stress and strain, causing tissue to break down |
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muscle strain |
a stretch, tear, or rip in the muscle or it's tendon |
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muscle strain grade 2 |
decreased range of motion |
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muscle cramps |
involuntary muscle contractions |
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muscle guarding |
an involuntary muscle contraction in response to pain following musculoskeletal injury |
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clonic |
muscle spasm with alternating contractions |
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tonic |
spasm with continuous contraction |
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tendinitis |
inflammation of a tendon. Happens when a tendon repeatedly rubs against a structure causing irritation |
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tendon |
tough band of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone |
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crepitus |
crackling feel or sound |
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tendinosis |
degenerative breakdown of a tendon without inflammation |
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tenosynovitis |
inflammation of the tendon and its synovial sheath |
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contusion |
compression of soft tissue that results in bleeding into surrounding tissues |
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ecchymosis |
blue purple discoloration of the skin |
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calcium deposits |
result when there are repeated blows to the same area |
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synovial joint |
articulation of two bones, surrounded by a joint capsule lined with a synovial membrane |
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sublaxation |
a bone is forced out of alignment but goes back into place |
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dislocation |
a bone is forced out of alignment and stays out until surgically or manually replaced or reduced |
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diastasis |
separation of two articulating bones |
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osteoarthrits |
wearing down of hyaline cartilage, affects the weight bearing joints and will eventually lead to degeneration of the joint. |
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bursitis |
inflammation of the bursa at sites of bony prominences |
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bursa |
pieces of synovial membrane that contain a small amount of fluid |
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osteoblast |
bone- producing cells |
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osteoclasts |
bone- resorbing cells |
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closed fracture |
does not penetrate superficial tissue |
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open fracture |
overlying skin is lacerated by protruding bone fragments |
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neuropraxia |
interruption in conduction of an impulse down the nerve fiber |
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neuritis |
inflammation of a nerve |
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referred pain |
pain is felt at a point of the body other than its origin |
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carbohydrates |
most efficient source of energy |
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sugars |
should be less than 15% of total caloric intake |
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glycogen |
extra glucose stored in the live and muscle cells |
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fiber |
recommended amount 25 grams per day |
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fat |
should be 25-30% |
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protein |
should be 15-20% |
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protein functions |
growth, maintenance, and repair of all body tissues |
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vitamin D |
bone growth and development |
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vitamin K |
produces blood clotting substances |
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vitamin A |
maintains skin, helps with bone and tooth development and growth |
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vitamin E |
protection of polyunsaturated fats and cell membranes from destruction |
