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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is site preparation?
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treatments applied to slash, understory vegetation, forest floor, and soil to make the site suitable for natural or planted regen
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Site prepraration includes the following?
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Slash and slash disposal
site development for planting Intensive cultural practices |
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What good influence does slash and slash disposal have on sites?
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Aids physical properties of the soil
Conserve soil moisture Help prevent soil erosion Returns OM to soil after decay Cover for wildlife Speeds return of nutrients (inorganic and organic) |
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What are harmful effects of slash and slash disposal?
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Increase on pH
Water absorption reduced Erosion increases Nutrient lost Usually due to HOT fires |
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Methods of slash and slash disposal?
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slash includes broadcast, spot, and piled rows, burning it.
Logging and scattering Special harvests |
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What the requirments for site preparation?
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Site cleanup and seedbed prep.
removal of competing vegetation |
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Two ways of prescribed fire for site prep?
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Used in 2 ways
Hot fires after harvest and before planting Systematic use of fire throughout rotation controls vegetation so that little site prep required at time of regeneration |
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Uses of prescribed fire in site prep?
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Seedbed prep
Control of competing vegetation Improvement of grazing/forage Fuel reduction Wildlife management Disease control Improve accessibility Appearance |
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What are mechanical methods for site prep?
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Machines: bushhop, disk, chopper, tree crusher, trac-mac, shearing, dozers
Method determined by the size of vegetation and purpose |
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Site factors?
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Veg = f(climate, soils, topography, parent material, and time)
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Ecological site classification is based on?
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climate
landform soil veg. |
4
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Tree Improvement programs?
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Plus-tree
progeny testing |
2
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Potential characteristics that might result in the highest financial gain?
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Stem form
branch characteristics resistance to insects and disease wood density fiber length resin production |
6
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What are sources of reproduction?
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Natural
seed sprouts adv. repro artificial planting direct seeding |
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Two types of planting stock?
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bareroot
containerized seedlings |
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seedling classification?
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One for years in seedling bed
One for years in a transplant bed |
based on two numbers 2-1
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conciderations of planting?
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Season of planting
Site prep Methods of planting Survival and early growth Protection of new plantations fire, rodents, deer, insects --- questionable to interplant after initial planting |
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adv. to planting?
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Control of composition and genetic makeup
Control over stand density and arrangement Shorter establishment period Reduce risk in losing seed trees & other larger material Avoids danger and risk in using seed Fewer restrictions on harvesting techniques Fewer restrictions on methods for site prep Better access for fire equipment and other operations |
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disadv. to planting?
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High cost of establishment
Danger of planting wrong species or strain for the site Poor root systems --- did not develop on site High visual impact Intensive site prep --- influence on soil properties & site productivity |
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What are the direct seeding factors?
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Site suitability
Species used Seed characteristics Dormancy and stratification Seed repellents Site prep required --- fire Sowing rate Seed viability Germination rate Projected survival |
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what are methods for sowing?
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Ground – cyclone seeder
Tractor-mounted broadcast Helicopter or fixed wing aircraft Spot & row seeding from the ground |
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What are adv to direct seeding?
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Less costly than seedlings
Less labor and equipment Large areas can be regenerated faster Can be done on more adverse sites Conducted over longer time periods More flexibility More natural root system |
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what are disadv. to direct seeding?
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More risk of failure
Less control over spacing and density Overstocking and understocking Wasteful use of improved seed Usually longer rotations |
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What are coppice systems?
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regen originates from root suckers
all trees have same genetic makeup as the parents |
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Best time to cut coppice systems?
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MAI PAI cross
Depends on desired product Cut when the product MAI peaks |
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