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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Olivine
|
a. (Mg, Fe)2SiO4
b. Nesosilicate c. Glassy luster, conchoidal fracture, green color, and granular nature (A Series between Forsterie Mg2SiO4 and Fayalite(Fe2SiO4)) |
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Garnet - Almandine
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a. Fe3Al2Si3O12
b. Nesosilicate c. Deep red, transparent or translucent, isometric crystal, very hard |
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Garnet - Pyrope
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a. Mg3Al2Si3O12
b. Nesosilicate c. Deep red to nearly black. |
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Garnet - Grossular
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a. Ca3Al2Si3O12
b. Nesosilicate c. White, green, yellow, or cinnamon-brown, pale red color. |
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Zircon
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a. ZrSiO4
b. Nesosilicate c. Tetragonal crystals - ditetragonal dipyramid crystals, its some shade of brown on colorless color, and adamantine luster. |
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Andalusite
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a. Al2SiO5
b. Nesosilicate c. Near square prism and hardness. |
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Sillmanite
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a. Al2SiO5
b. Nesosilicate c. Slender crystals with one direction of cleavage |
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Kyanite
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a. Al2SiO5
b. Nesosilicate c. Bladed crystals, good cleavage, blue color, and different hardness in different directions |
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Topaz
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a. Al2SiO4(F, OH)2
b. Nesosilicate c. Basal cleavage, very hard, and prismatic crystals terminated by dipyramid. |
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Staurolite
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a. Fe2Al9O6(SiO4)4(O,OH)2
b. Nesosilicate c. Prismatic crystals with cruciform twins at 90 or 60 degrees. It has an obtuse prism unlike andalusite |
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Sphene (Titanite)
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a. CaTiO(SiO4)
b. Nesosilicate c. Wedge shaped crystals and very high luster. |
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Epidote
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a. Ca2(Al,Fe)Al2O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)
b. Sorosilicate c. Peculiar green color and one sided perfect cleavage. Elongated parallel crystals |
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Beryl
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a. Be3Al2(Si6O18)
b. Cycolosilicate c. Hexagonal crystal form and color - often varieties of green. Harder than apatite and heavier than topaz |
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Tourmaline (Schorl)
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a. NaFe2+3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4
b. Cyclosilicate c. Black - Fe-bearing is Schorl and most common. Rounded triangular cross section of the crystals and conchoidal fracture. Lacks cleavage, unlike hornblende |
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Enstatite
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a. Mg2Si2O6
b. Inosilicate c. Bronze-brown color. Need optical tests to truly distinguish from augite. Prismatic cleavage in two directions at 90 degrees like other pyroxenes. |
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Diospide
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a. CaMgSi2O6
b. Inosilicate c. variably colored, but typically dull green crystals in the monoclinic prismatic class. It has two distinct prismatic cleavages at 87 and 93° typical of the pyroxene series |
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Augite
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a. (Ca, Na)(Mg, Fe, Al)(Si, Al)2O6
b. Inosilicate c. Pale brown to purplish or greenish brown color and monoclinic cleavage and two distinct prismatic cleavages at 87 and 93°. |
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Spodumene
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a. LiAlSi2O6
b. Inosilicate c. Crystals form in the monoclinic system and are typically heavily striated parallel to the principal axis. Crystal faces are often etched and pitted with triangular markings. |
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Wollastonite
|
a. CaSiO3
b. Inosilicate c. Two perfect cleavages at a about 84°. Looks like tremolite, but different because of the cleavage angles. |
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Anthophyllite
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a. (Mg,Fe)7Si8O22(OH)2
b. Inosilicate c. Clove-brown color. Looks like other amphiboles with 60 and 120° cleavage angles. |
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Tremolite
|
a. Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2
b. Inosilicate c. Slender prisms and good prismatic cleavage. Lighter than hornblende and different angles than pyroxene. |
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Actinolite
|
a. Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
b. Inosilicate c. Green, green-black, grey-green, or black color. Also has slender prisms and good prismatic cleavage. Lighter than hornblende and different angles than pyroxene. |
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Hornblende
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a. (Ca,Na)2-3(Mg,Fe,Al)5Si6(Si,Al)8O22(OH)2
b. Inosilicate c. Dark color and prismatic crystals with amphioble cleavage angles. |
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Serpentine
|
a. Mg3Si2O5(OH)4
b. Phyllosilicate c. Variegated green color, greasy luster, and fibrous nature |
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Kaolinite
|
a. Al2Si2O5(OH)4
b. Phyllosilicate c. Clay like character. Very thin, rhombic or hexagonal plates. |
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Talc
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a. Mg3Si4O10(OH)2
b. Phyllosilicate c. Micaceous habit, basal cleavage, softness, and greasy feel. |
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Muscovite
|
a. KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
b. Phyllosilicate c. Highly perfect cleavage and light color. |
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Phlogopite
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a. KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
b. Phyllosilicate c. Micaceous cleavage, yellowish-brown color. |
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Biotite
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a. K(Mg,Fe)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
b. Phyllosilicate c. Micaceous cleavage and dark color |
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Lepidolite
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a. K(Li,Al)2-3(AlSi3O10) (OH)2
b. Phyllosiliate c. Micaceous cleavage, lilac to pink color. |
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Quartz (alpha)
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a. SiO2
b. Tectosilicate c. Glassy luster, conchoidal fracture, prismatic crystals. Harder than calcite, softer than beryl. |
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Opal
|
a. SiO2.nH2O
b. Tectoslicate c. Not as hard as quartz. There is water. Not as heavy as quartz. |
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Diatomaceous Earth
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a. SiO2.nH20
b. Tectosilicate c. Fine-grained deposits, resembling chalk. |
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Microcline
|
a. KAlSi3O8
b. Tectosilicate c. Often has a deep green color. It often has microcline twinning, but not possible to see without a microscope. |
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Orthoclase
|
a. KAlSi3O8
b. Tectosilicate c. Right angle cleavage and lack of twin striations on the best cleavage surface. Often flesh-red color. Has a hardness of 6 and good cleavage |
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Plagioclase
|
a. Albite (NaAlSi3O8) --> Anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8)
b. Tectosilicate c. Has albite twin striations. |
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Labradorite
|
a. (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8
b. Tectosilicate c. Has labrodescense on its good cleavage face. A plagioclase. |
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Bytownite
|
a. (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8
b. Tectosilicate c. Grey to white triclinic crystals commonly exhibiting the typical plagioclase twinning and associated fine striations. More Ca than Na |
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Sodalite
|
a. Na8(AlSiO4)6Cl2
b. Tectosilicate c. Blue color. not associated with pyrite. |
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Chabazite
|
a. Ca3Al2Si4O12-6H2O
b. Tectosilicate c. Rhombohedral-appearing crystals, but not as good cleavage as calcite and does not effervesce in HCl |
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Leucite
|
a. KAlSi2O6
b. Tectosilicate c. Trapezohedral form. Usually embedded in a fine-grained matrix. |
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Nepheline
|
a. (Na,K)AlSiO4
b. Tectosilicate c. Massive varieties and greasy luster. Not as hard as quartz. |