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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physical Examination
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The process of examining the pt for the physical signs of disease
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Four Basic Components of the Physical Examination
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Inspection (See)
Palpation (Feel) Percussion (Tapping the chest) Auscultation (Stethescope) |
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Prior to performing the physical examination, review....
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Demographic Data
Cheif Complaint History of Present Illness Past Medical/Surgical History |
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Typical Format of the Physical Exam
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1. Age, height, weight, and general appearance
2. Vital Signs 3. Head to Toe Review of systems -HEENT (Head, Ears, Eyes, Nose, and Throat) -Neck -Thorax -Abdomen -Extremities |
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LSHF
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Left Sided Heart Failure
Blood backs up into the lungs |
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RSHF
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Right Sided Heart Failure
Blood back up into the head, and the limbs |
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PE of the head
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Facial Expression
-pain, mood, mental alertness Nasal Flaring (dilation of external nares during inspiration) -indicated resp. distress and increased WOB Cyanosis -Lips and Oral Mucosa Pursed-lip breathing (Exhaling through narrow lip opening) -Indicates a pt with advanced COPD |
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PE of the neck
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Position of the trachea
-Normally it is midline, below the suprasternal notch -Abnormal if shifted away from midline --Alectasis of unilateral upper lobe shifts trach toward lung collapse --Trach shifts to side opposite of midline from ---Pneumothorax ---Pleural effusion ---Lung Tumor Chest Xray Jugular Neck Vein Distension (JVD) Carotid Artery Pulse Hypertrophy of Sternocleidomastoid (from daily use) -acc. muscle of inspiration -advanced COPD |
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JVD
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Jugular Neck Distension
-Normal -Increased -Markedly Increased Associated with RSHF Chronic Hypoxemia Hypervolemia |
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Hypervolemia
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Can be caused by too much circulating vol. from IV during surgery
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Chest and Lung Topography
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Surface landmarks of the chest to help identify location of underlying structures
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Midsternal Line
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Divides the anterior chest into two equal halves
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Midclavicular Lines
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Left and Right
Vertical Line drawn thru the midpoints of the right and left clavicles Parallels the midsternal line |
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Midaxillary Line
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Vertical line drawn thru the middle of the axilla (armpit) to divide the lateral chest into two equal halves
Anterior and Posterior |
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Midspinal Line
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Divides the posterior chest into two equal parts
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C7
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Bending down head and neck, most visible vertebra is c7. T1 is directly below
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T4
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Beifurcaion of trachea posteriorly
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T9
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Marks resting level of right dome posteriorly
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T10
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Marks restin level of left dome posteriorly
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Oblique fissures
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Both lungs
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Horizontal fissure
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Right lung only
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Sternal angle
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Angle of louis
Between manubrium and body of sternum Used to ID second rib for counting purposes |
