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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 new ideas |
Humans are not in conscious control of their minds The effects of childhood experiences last for life People underestimate their sexual and aggressive urges/instincts |
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Levels of awareness(3) |
Conscious Preconscious Unconscious
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Conscious(3) |
Instantly aware of conscious thought What is in ones given attention at a given moment Eg thinking about Freud, also a bit hungry and tired) |
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Preconscious(4) |
Events we can bring to attention Memories, background sounds We can bring the contents into our awareness voluntarily and fairly easily Eg middle name, what you ate last night, an argument with a friend |
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Unconscious (5) |
Not responsive to deliberate efforts at recall Unconscious mental process threatening to the personality are repressed We are unable to raise our unconscious issues to our conscious awareness This level exerts the greatest influence on human behaviour Eg early trauma, hostility towards parents, repressed sexual desires |
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3 institutions linked to 3 levels of consciousness |
Id Ego Superego |
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Id(7) |
Unconscious Primitive instinct Seeks immediate gratification **** the consequences Not reasonable - fantasy oriented Immediate Irrational Impulsive |
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Ego(6) |
Predominantly conscious Executive function - mediates between I'd and superego Tests reality, seeks safety and survival Rational Logical Takes account of space and time |
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Superego(7) |
Both conscious and unconscious Ideals and morals internalised by parents Seeks perfection Observes, dictates, criticises Prohibits Imposes limitations on satisfaction Become the conscience |
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Behaviour (2) |
Result of ongoing series of internal conflict between Id, ego and superego Conflict is unconscious but results in conscious anxiety |
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3 kinds of anxiety |
Reality anxiety Neurotic anxiety Moral anxiety |
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Reality anxiety |
External danger-perception of danger-reality anxiety |
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Neurotic anxiety |
Fear that instincts will get out of control and result in punishment or rejection |
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Moral anxiety |
Overwhelming guilt |
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10 main defensive mechanisms |
Repression Projection Displacement Reaction formation Regression Rationalisation Identification Sublimation Denial Intellectualisation |
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Repression (2) |
Massive inhibition of a threatening impulse or event by rendering it unconscious Eg no recollection of near death experience |
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Projection(2) |
Unacceptable aspects of oneself are attributed to someone else Eg thinking your boss hates you when you hate them |
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Displacement(2) |
Diverting emotional feelings from original source to another target Parents scold you, take it out on younger siblings |
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Reaction formation (2) |
Anxiety producing impulses is replaced by its opposite in the unconscious Eg parents unconsciously resent child - spoils with outlandish gifts |
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Regression(2) |
A reversion to immature pattern of behaviour Eg adult has a temper tantrum when frustrated |
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Rationalisation(2) |
Making something more acceptable by attributing it to more acceptable causes(false but plausible excuse for unacceptable behaviour) Eg blaming aggression on stress rather than acknowledging anger |
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Identification(2) |
Bolstering self-esteem by forming an imaginary or real alliance with some person or group Eg insecure first-year joins drinking club to boost self-esteem and to fit in |
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Sublimation (2) |
Expression of socially unacceptable impulses in socially acceptable ways Eg becoming a soldier to kill people |
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Denial(2) |
Ego relegates anxiety-producing information to unconscious Eg refusing to acknowledge risks of unprotected sex |
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Intellectualisation(2) |
Keeping emotions separate from thoughts, insulating self from feelings Eg emergency services manage a terrible road accident calmly and profesionally |
