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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What is ADH? What is another word for it? What are 2 ways that it helps you when you are feel dehydrated?
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a. ADH is vasopressin or an antidiuretic hormone.
b. It can make your kidneys reabsorb water from your urine, making your urine more concentrated while it rehydrates your body c. It raises blood pressure by constricting blood vessels, because you have a lower blood volume when you are dehydrated. This ensures that the blood can be pumped consistently throughout the body. |
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2. What is osmotic thirst? Which brain areas are responsible for detecting it? Where are they located? How is this form of thirst different from hypovolemic thirst?
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a. Osmotic thirst is a thirst due to eating salty foods.
b. Brain areas responsible for detecting is are the OLVT + subfornical organ. c. They are located around the third brain ventricle d. Osmotic thirst is different from hypovolemic thirst because hypovolemic thirst is due to loss of fluids, not salty foods. |
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3. Describe the 4 step process of digestion ("how does digestion work")
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i. Starts at the mouth, where enzymes in the saliva break down food> goes down the esophagus into the stomach, where hydrochloric acids and enzymes digest protein> enters small intestine, which is is the main site for nutrient absorption into the bloodstream> moves to large intestine which absorbs water + minerals, then lubricates remaining material for extraction
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4. What is diabetes? Describe the two types. Also, why is diabetes dangerous to your organs?
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a. Diabetes is a metabolic disease in which the body's inability to produce any or enough insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the blood
b. Diabetes Type I: an autoimmune disease in which the pancreatic cells that create insulin are destroyed. No insulin is produced. It usually begins in childhood or adolescence. c. Diabetes Type II: slow onset of diabetes that develops gradually. Insulin is produced, but it is not enough and is not used as it should be by the body. Instead of being moved into your cells, sugar build up in the blood stream. Is caused by being overweight + genetics, not eating too much sugar (technically) d. Without insulin, the body suffers two-fold. i. High blood pressure causes damage to the eyes, heart, and other organs ii. since glucose can't enter cells, there is a general weakening of the body |
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5. How do benzodiazepines work? Describe the 4 step process.
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i. allows GABA to bind receptor cells on a neuron> receptor cells become twisted so GABA can bind more easily>GABA twists the cell even more, allowing a negative chloride channel to open>cells become inhibited & anxiety is reduced
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