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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rock Cycle
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Magma
Cooling/Crystallization Igneous Rock Weathering, Erosion/Mass Wasting, Deposition Sediment Pressure/Lithification Sedimentary Rock Metamorphism/Temperature and Pressure Metamorphic Rock Melting/Intense Heat and Pressure |
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List and describe the steps of the scientific method?
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• Observation - Have a question; do field/lab work; and then refine the question
• Hypotheses Formulation - Pose an answer to the question • Testing and Data Gathering - Run tests over the question for your posed answer and gather your data • Critical Evaluation - Does your conclusion prove the hypothesis |
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Define the term mineral.
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• Inorganic
• Solid crystalline structure • Naturally occurring • Specific chemical composition • Definable physical properties |
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List and describe the three types of unconformities.
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• Angular
Rocks above and below the surface are at different orientations • Noncomformity Unconformity between genetically unrelated rock types Usually sedimentary above igneous and/or metamorphic rocks • Disconformity Unconformity between parallel rock |
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Draw a mature soil profile.
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• O Horizon – Humus
• A Horizon – Zone of Leaching • B Horizon – Zone of Accumulation • C Horizon – Decomposing Parent Material • D/R Horizon – Unaltered Parent Material |
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List and describe the layers of the Earth from the center outwards to the surface. Include a general diagram indicating where each of these layers can be found.
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- Inner Core: Acts like a solid (Started as a liquid); Nickel and Iron
- Outer Core: Acts like a liquid; Nickel and iron; Movements in the outer core set up electrical and magnetic fields - which help protects us from solar winds - Lower Mantle: Acts like a solid; Oxides of iron, aluminum and silica - Asthenosphere / Upper Mantle: Acts partially like a liquid – Seems to have pockets of liquid; Made up principally of olivine - Lower Lithosphere: Is solid – Can be broken/deformed; Basement of plates for plate tectonics; Made up of olivine - Crust – Can be either Continental/Oceanic • Continental Crust o Is solid; Composed of granite; Between 5 and 95 km in thickness • Oceanic Crust o Is solid; Composed of basalt; Averages 5km in thickness |
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List five responses to limited mineral resource availability.
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• Find more sources
• Find a substitute • Recycle what has been already obtained • Use less and make more efficient use of what we have • Do without • Go to war |
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List and describe the four agricultural methods to decrease soil erosion.
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• Contour plowing: Plow perpendicular to the slope. Each rill serves to keep water, and sediment from running downhill.
• No-till Agriculture:This method may include “punching holes” in the soil and injecting the seeds at the same time. This is part of an integrated plan to control weeds and pests • Terracing Slopes: Producing a flat surface on a slope and adding a lip. Water collects on each of the terraces. If it overruns the lip of the terrace, it will be trapped on the next level. • Polyculture Agriculture: Planting surface and row crops together to level out erosion by wind (faced by surface crops) and erosion by water (faced by row crops). |
