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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cause and signs: Anaphylactic shock
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Cause: inappropriate vasodilation triggered by an allergen
Signs: Rash, swollen tongue and lips, vomit, wheezing, upper airway obstruction |
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Causes: Cardiogenic shock (5)
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MI
Myocarditis Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias Bradycardias Ruptured valve Signs: LVF |
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Causes: Hypovolaemic shock
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Haemorrhage - trauma, GI, fracture, AAA
Fluid loss: diarrhoea, vomit, burns, intestinal obstruct causing fluid o accumulate in bowel |
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Causes and signs of Septic shock
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Causes: sepsis leading to microcirculaory changes i.e. VD leading to interstitial oedema
Signs: Pyrexial |
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Signs of haemodynamic shock? (5)
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SHOCKS pneumonic
Sinus tachycardia Hypotension Oliguria Cold peripheries Klammy Slow capillary refill NB: also breathlessness, drowsy, confused, organ failure |
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Uses of colloid?
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Fluid remains within the intravascular compartment
Improve BP, CO + prevent resp distress NB Crystalloids make up the interstitial fluid deficit |
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Examples crystalloid? (7)
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Normal (0.9%) saline
5% glucose Glucose saline - mixture NaCl + glucose (4%) Hypertonic 5% Saline Hypotonic 0.45% saline 10% + 20% glucose 50% glucose - if severe hypoglycaemia |
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Examples colloid (2)
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Gelofusin - gelatin based used in the Rx shock (but not cardiogenic) contains 154mmol NaCl no K+
Hartmanns solution - compound containing sodium lactate + 5mmol/L K+ |
