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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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normal salicylates obtained in the diet everyday
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10-200 mg
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autoimmune inflammation; not from wear and tear
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rheumatism
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salicylates inhibit the biosynthesis of
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PGE2, a mediator of inflammation and pain
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peptide assoc with pain and inflammation
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bradykinin
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dose of salicylate required to see analgesic activity (for inflammation and musculoskeletal-type pain)
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600-1200 mg
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cause of heat and redness assoc with inflammation
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leakage of protein
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found in all sites where PGs have an action
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COX I
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found only in sites of inflammation, so targeted to decrease ADRs
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COX II
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dose of NSAID required for antopyretic activity
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600 mg
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how NSAIDs reduce fevers
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induction of PGE2 in the temp regulating hypothalamic center
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causes vasoconstriction and increases aggregation of platelets
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COX I
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causes vasodilation and decreases aggregation of platelets
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COX II
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associated with Thromboxane which causes vasoconstriction
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COX I
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makes vessel walls sticky allowing platelets to clog the lumen
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TX
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PGI2 works against __ to prevent clogging of vessels
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TX
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NSAIDs have a "dose-related elimination half life" which means
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increased dose of NSAID increases dose of salicylic acid which is more difficult to excrete
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and important factor in the CL of salicylates
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urinary pH
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liquid aspirin
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arthropan
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arthropan is aka
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choline salicylate
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NSAIDs have cross-sensititvity with
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tetrazine dye
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oral synthetic analog of PG which is used to decrease NSAID-related ulcers
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Misoprostol, Cytotec
50-200 mcg qid |
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toxic dose of NSAID which produces respiratory depression in the medulla
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10 g
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associated with ASA and viral infections, so you don't give ASA to children under 16
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Reyes' Syndrome
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causes brain swelling, erratic behavior, coma, and maybe death; has no antidote
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Reyes' Syndrome
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decreases synthesis of PG but is weaker than ASA
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Acetaminophen
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APAP is __% less potent than ASA
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20
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why doesn't APAP have an anti-inflammatory effect?
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peroxides, etc, won't allow it to enter inflammed tissue
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why do peds normally use APAP?
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is available as a liquid because more soluble than ASA (and the Reyes' thing)
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toxic dose of APAP; cross-links DNA
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8-10g
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generates a toxic intermediate from APAP which can't be conjugated as normal by
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glutathione
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early sx of hepatotoxicity with APAP
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n/v, cramps, jaundice
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antidote for APAP tox
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Mucomyst (N-acetylcysteine)
oral, 140 mg/kg |
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how does Mucomyst work against APAP tox?
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will help conjugate the toxic intermediate
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decreases viscosity of secretions with cystic fibrosis
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mucomyst
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may or may not be grouped as an NSAID
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ASA
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Ibuprofen was introduced in __ for this reason
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1974, circumvent gi probs of ASA
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although __ are more effective at treating arthritis and the like, why aren't they used?
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steroids, like Prednisone; MANY more ADRs
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why were COX II inhibitors designed?
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to decrease gi problems assoc with COX I inhibitors
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inducible in inflammation but also found in gi and renal sites
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COX II
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when you inhibit COX I and PG in mucosal cells, you __ HCL, and __ HCO3 and __ mucus
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increase, decrease, and decrease
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__% patients experience gi distress, ulcers, gasritis, etc. with NSAIDs
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30-45
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__ of every 1000 patients using NSAIDs for arthritis have serious gi event
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15
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constitutive housekeeping gene
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COX I
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Relafen, Lodine, Clinoril, and COX II selectives all have a __ GI risk
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decreased
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retains renal blood flow which ppl with acute renal failure rely on
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COX I
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thought to circumvent renal blood flow issue, but not the case
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COX II
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ppl who should not take NSAIDs
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ppl with acute renal failure
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