Shearer's Unit Iii Flashcards

Front 1

what muscle lays under the anterior lamella of the thoracolumbar fascia?

Back 1

quadratus lumborum

Front 2

what artery passes deep to the longissimus capitis just inferior to its insertion, and runs medially and upward in the interval between the splenius and semispinalis muscles?

Back 2

occipital artery

Front 3

what muscle group is deep to the erector spinae?

Back 3

transversospinales

Front 4

what is the largest muscle of the transversospinales group?

Back 4

semispinalis capitis

Front 5

what nerve pierces the semispinalis cervicis?

Back 5

greater occpital nerve

Front 6

what nerve winds directly around the inferior border of the oblique capitis inferior?

Back 6

greater occipital

Front 7

what ligament holds together successive laminae and spinous processes?

Back 7

ligamentum flavum

Front 8

the spinal arteries enter the spinal canal through what openings?

Back 8

intervertebral foramen

Front 9

what type of nerve fibers make up the dorsal roots?

Back 9

afferent/sensory

Front 10

what type of nerve fibers make up the ventral roots?

Back 10

efferent/motor

Front 11

at what point do the dorsal and ventral roots of each nerve unit to form a spinal nerve?

Back 11

at the intervertebral foramen

Front 12

what does the trunk of the spinal nerve divide into almost immediately?

Back 12

dorsal and ventral ramus

Front 13

the dorsal ramus of the spinal nerve supplies what structures?

Back 13

the deep muscles of the back

Front 14

the ventral ramus of the spinal nerves supplies what structures?

Back 14

body wall and extremities

Front 15

what forms the superior boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

Back 15

lower border of the madible

Front 16

what forms the posterolateral boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

Back 16

anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid

Front 17

what forms the medial boundary of the anterior triangle of the neck?

Back 17

median line of the neck from mental symphysis to the jugular notch of the sternum

Front 18

what forms the anterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 18

posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid

Front 19

what forms the inferior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 19

middle third of the clavicle

Front 20

what forms the posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 20

anterior border of the trapezius muscle

Front 21

what branch of the facial nerve emerges from behind the lower part of the parotid gland to enter the deep surface of the platysma?

Back 21

cervical branch

Front 22

what nerve crosses the upper posterior part of the sternocleidomastoid to distribute branches to the skin of the lower lateral part of the scalp posterior to the external ear?

Back 22

lesser occipital nerve

Front 23

what nerve runs upward and slightly forward over the upper half of the sternocleidomastoid to supply the skin of that part of the neck?

Back 23

greater auricular nerve

Front 24

what nerve crosses the sternocleidomastoid transerversely to supply the skin over the anterior triangle?

Back 24

transverse cervical nerve of the neck

Front 25

what vein does the external jugular vein terminate in?

Back 25

subclavian vein

Front 26

what forms the roof of both the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck?

Back 26

investing layer of the deep cervical fascia

Front 27

what four muscles form the floor of the posterior triangle?

Back 27

(1) splenius capitis
(2) levator scapulae
(3) scalene medius
(4) scalene posterior

Front 28

what branches of the cervical plexus provide afferent supply to the trapezius muscle?

Back 28

C3 and C4

Front 29

what artery enters the floor of the posterior triangle between the scalene medius and levator scapulae?

Back 29

deep transverse cervical

Front 30

this artery, posterior to the subclavian vein, crosses anterior to the anterior scalene in the lowest part of the posterior triangle and goes to the upper border of the scapula

Back 30

suprascapular artery

Front 31

what two veins join together to form the common facial vein?

Back 31

(1) facial vein
(2) retromandibular vein

Front 32

what vein does the common facial vein terminate in?

Back 32

internal jugular vein

Front 33

what four structures does the carotid sheath enclose?

Back 33

(1) common carotid artery
(2) internal carotid artery
(3) internal jugular vein
(4) vagus nerve

Front 34

at about what point does the common carotid artery end and split into the internal and external carotid arteries?

Back 34

C4 (upper border of thyroid cartilage)

Front 35

what is the structure that is important in the regulation of systemic blood pressure?

Back 35

carotid sinus

Front 36

what two veins come together to form the brachiocephalic vein?

Back 36

internal jugular and subclavian

Front 37

what four muscles does the loop of the ansa cervicalis supply?

Back 37

(1) sternohyoid
(2) sternothyroid
(3) both bellies of the omohyoid

Front 38

what artery can be seen as the main continuation of the thyrocervical trunk?

Back 38

inferior thyroid

Front 39

what two veins come together to form the retromandibular vein?

Back 39

superficial temporal and maxillary veins

Front 40

what two veins join to form the external jugular vein?

Back 40

retromandibular and posterior auricular

Front 41

what nerve branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve usually emerges from between the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

Back 41

buccal nerve

Front 42

this is a loop of nerve fibers around the subclavian artery that connects the middle and inferior cervical ganglia

Back 42

ansa subclavia

Front 43

what three nerves emerge from the medial end of the jugular foramen?

Back 43

(1) glossopharyngeal
(2) vagus
(3) spinal accessory

Front 44

what are the four muscles of mastication?

Back 44

(1) temporalis
(2) medial pterygoid
(3) lateral pterygoid
(4) masseter

Front 45

what two abdominal muscles originate from the thoracolumbar fascia?

Back 45

(1) internal oblique
(2) transversus abdominis

Front 46

what is the area called where the inferior margin of the rectus sheath gets thinner?

Back 46

arcuate line

Front 47

what muscles contribute to the anterior sheath above the arcuate line?

Back 47

external oblique and 1/2 internal oblique

Front 48

what muscles contribute to the anterior sheath below the arcuate line?

Back 48

external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis

Front 49

what muscle is used as a landmark to divide the subclavian artery into three parts?

Back 49

anterior scalene

Front 50

if an artery is found branching from the third part of the subclavian artery, what is it called and what muscles does it supply?

Back 50

dorsal scapular, rhomboids and levator

Front 51

if the dorsal scapular artery is not found branching from the third part of the subclavian artery, what artery supplies the rhomboids and levator?

Back 51

transverse cervical

Front 52

what rami and levels does the greater auricular nerve come from?

Back 52

anterior rami of C2, C3

Front 53

what rami and levels does the greater occipital nerve come from?

Back 53

posterior ramus of C2

Front 54

what rami and levels does the lesser occipital nerve come from?

Back 54

anterior ramus of C2

Front 55

what rami and levels does the phrenic nerve come from?

Back 55

anterior rami of C3, C4, C5

Front 56

what rami and levels does the supraclavicular nerve come from?

Back 56

anterior rami of C3, C4

Front 57

what vertebral level is preferred for performing a lumbar puncture, and why?

Back 57

L3-4, because conus medullaris ends at L1-L2, which decreases the risk of hitting the spinal cord

Front 58

what artery passes through the transverse foramine of C1-C6 and appears in the suboccipital triangle?

Back 58

vertebral

Front 59

what nerve exits under the inferior border of the obliqus capitis inferior muscle?

Back 59

C2

Front 60

what innervates the deep back muscles?

Back 60

dorsal primary rami

Front 61

what is the line that marks the lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle?

Back 61

linea semilunaris

Front 62

this small triangular muscle lies in front of the lower part of the rectus abdominis muscle

Back 62

pyramidalis

Front 63

the superior epigastric artery is a terminal branch of what artery?

Back 63

internal thoracic

Front 64

the inferior epigastric artery is a terminal branch of what artery?

Back 64

external iliac artery

Front 65

what are the four cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus?

Back 65

(1) lesser occipital nerve
(2) greater auricular nerve
(3) transverse cutaneous nerve of the neck
(4) supraclavicular nerves

Front 66

what vein does the external jugular vein empty into?

Back 66

subclavian vein

Front 67

does the subclavian artery pass anterior or posterior to the anterior scalene?

Back 67

posterior

Front 68

what are the four suprahyoid muscles?

Back 68

(1) anterior digastric
(2) posterior digastric
(3) stylohoid
(4) mylohyoid

Front 69

what are the four infrahyoid muscles?

Back 69

(1) omohyoid
(2) sternohyoid
(3) sternothyroid
(4) thyrohyoid

Front 70

what nerve arises from the vagus nerve as it crosses the subclavian artery?

Back 70

right recurrent laryngeal

Front 71

this part of the sublavian artery is from the sternocleidomastoid to the medial border of the anterior scalene

Back 71

1st part

Front 72

this part of the subclavian artery is posterior to the anterior scalene

Back 72

2nd part

Front 73

this part of the subclavian artery is from the lateral border of the anterior scalene to the outer border of the 1st rib

Back 73

3rd part

Front 74

the external carotid artery is crossed externally by what nerve?

Back 74

facial nerve

Front 75

what are the two branches of the facial artery in the face?

Back 75

superior and inferior labial

Front 76

what does the facial nerve continue as after passing the lips?

Back 76

angular artery

Front 77

this gland is located between the posterior border of the mandibular angle and the sternocleidomastoid and mastoid process

Back 77

parotid gland

Front 78

what nerve branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve passes between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles?

Back 78

inferior alveolar nerve

Front 79

what structure does the inferior alveolar nerve and artery pass through?

Back 79

mandibular foramen

Front 80

these nerves are continuations of the intercostal nerves 7-11 and subcotsal nerve T12 into the abdomen; they pierce the rectus sheath about 2.5 cm lateral to the linea alba

Back 80

anterior cutaneous branches of the thoracoabdominal nerves

Front 81

these nerves run downward and forward over the lateral aspect of the external oblique muscle

Back 81

lateral cutaneous branches of the thoracoabdominal nerves

Front 82

what dermatomal level is at the nipple?

Back 82

T4

Front 83

what dermatomal level is at the umbilicus?

Back 83

T10

Front 84

what dermatomal level is at the suprapubic area?

Back 84

L1

Front 85

the cutaneous portion if this nerve pierces the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle just above the inguinal ligament

Back 85

iliohypogastric

Front 86

the cutaneous portion of this nerve emerges through the superficial inguinal ring with the spermatic cord

Back 86

ilioinguinal nerve

Front 87

what artery pierces the transversus just medial to the ASIS and runs posteriorly along the iliac crest between the transversus and the internal oblique?

Back 87

deep circumflex iliac artery