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196 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the treatment for cyanide
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sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate
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what is the treatment for nitrate
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methylene blue
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what is the treatment for mycotoxins/grasses
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change pasture
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what is the treatment for moldy corn toxicosis>
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cyanide -sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate
nitrate- methylene blue |
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treatment for precatory bean
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iv fluids, charcoal, demulcents
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what is the treatment for locoweed?
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thiamine, methylene blue, sedatives (reserpine), laxatives
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what is the treatment for lupins
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control the plant, clear GI if caught early, control convulsions
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what is the old name for lupids
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croocked calf dz
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what is lathyrism
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abn collagen formation, aa's affecty lysyl oxidase
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is lathyrism reversible, if so, when?
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once flaccid paralysis occurs it is irrversible
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what is the tx for senna
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nothing, no vit E or selenium -aggravates condition!
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sesbania tx?
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none, supportive, demulcents, iv fluids
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clover tx?
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depends on signs, if cyanide= sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate
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sweet clover tx?
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antidote!! vit K1 or blood transfusion
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what plant has an antidote?
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sweet clover -vit K
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tx for vetches?
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cyanide! -sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate
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is there an antidote for false hellesbores
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no -tx is something else
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tx for veratum californicum and it's other name
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false hellebores, no antidote, tx cardiac/resp stimulants
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tx for death camas
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atropine --> doxapram
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what is doxapram made of and what is it used for?
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atropine and picrotoxin -death camas tablets!!! also jimsonweed, larspur, black nightshade, tobacco
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what can you give for yellow jessamine?
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emetics, gastric lavage, activated cahrcoal, assisted resp, sedatives, GUAFENESIN
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Tx for cotton ingestion
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high protein diet is protective, add iron, lysine, methionine, fat, solvits!
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tx for chinaberry?
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none, demulcents, purgatives
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tx for buttercups
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purgatives demulcents
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tx for larkspurs
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physostigmine anticholinesterase, folow up w. doxapram, anticonvulsants, osmotic purgatives
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prunus tx?
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cyanogenic glycsides -sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate
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jimsonweed tx?
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doxapram, tannic acid, cahrcoal, laxatives, demulcents, anticholinesterase
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black nightshade tx?
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none, doxapram =-parasymp agonists but beware of GI ulcersation
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potato tox tx?
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physostigmine
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tobacco tox tx/
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DOXAPRAM, LAXATIVES, gi
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tx for wild jasmin
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calcitonin****
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tx for yew
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purgatives -rapid poison so try to push it thorugh, atropine in subacute cases
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tx for liliaceae
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decontam, fluids before anuric phase, purgation -lily of valley cardiac signs**
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what plants cause vomiting/GI irritation?
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black locust, precatory bean, death camas, false hellbores/veratrum c., pokeweed (gastroenteritis)
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which plants cause death from resp paralysis
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lupins, scotch broom
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which plants have cardio effets and any sp in particular?
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false hellesborre/verratum c and avocado pear in horses
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what plants cause blistering
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buttercups, clover
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what plant causes walkabout dz
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crotalaria
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what plans cause delayed onset of signs
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locoweed-latent period, crotalaria -delayed onset of signs
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what plants cause posterior paralysis
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sudan grass, black locust
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what plants cause acute resp distress
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alfalfa/lucerne and perilla mint
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what plants cause vomiting in ruminants
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veratum californicum, death camas, pokeweed, liliaceae
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what plants cause photosensitization
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sudan grass, clover, alfalfa-lucerne, vetches, buckwheat
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what plants are mycotoxins/fungal
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rye grass, rye, ergotism
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what plants cause myoglobinuria
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senna
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what plants causes hemoglobinuria
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rye, senna, alfalfa/lucerne
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what plant causes methb
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locoweed
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what plant causes heinz bodies
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rye
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what plannts affect horses and how
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sudan grass (hind limb para.), moly corn toxicosis, fusarium moniliform (leukoenceph), walnut (laminitis), avocado pear (cardiac), perilla mint (resp distress), clover (slobbering, dew poisoning)
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what plants cause tremors
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ryegrass, moldy corn toxicosis (paspaline), paspalum spp. locoweed, lupins, larkspur
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what plants cause staggers
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ryegrass staggers, moldy corn toxicosis (aspergillus flavus infection) larkspur
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plants that involve blood
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rye-anemia, hburia, heinz bodies, senna, hburia , myoglobinuria, pokeweed, hemolytic risis, hemorhagic gastroenteritis, prunus has red blood as a sign,
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johnson grass
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cyanide, nitrate
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sudan grass
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-horses posterior end paralysis, urinary incontinence *edematous walls of bladder
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s.grass agent
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cyanide nitrate
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ryegrass
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resp syndrome, neuro syndrome *periods of recovery and perm damage unlikely
ryegrass staggers |
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ryegrass agent
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mycotoxin
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rye
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hburia, hinz bodies, RENAL damage
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rye agent
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mycotoxin
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ergotism
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blind/deaf, convulsions, paralysis, Gangrene! sloughing extremities*gangrenous changes
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ergotism agent
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fungal parasite
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moldy corn toxicosis
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horses-leukoenceophalomalacia (fusarium moniliform)
staggers, tremorgenic syndrome |
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3 syndromes of moldy corn
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leukoencephalomyelacia
staggers tremorgenic |
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agent of moldy corn fungal toxin
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fusarium roseum -tricothecene vomitotoxin, zearalenone txoin (estrogenism)
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paspalum spp
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tremors that spread down trunk, stiff legged
*exercise=head nodding, uncooridnated, behavioral excitement =fall and show opisthotonus |
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paspalum c.s. similar to which other plant
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locoweed
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summer slump caused by what
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fescue summer toxicosis
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what is summer fescue toxicosis known for
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repro decrease in horses -deforms fetus, cow decreases p4
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what is the component in fescue toxicosis that causes a prob and why
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amines -vasoconstriction =affects temp reg and extremities
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what is seen in fescue int he foot
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sloughign of foot =tail and ears may be affected like in ergotism (ergotism doesn't cause tail and ear symptoms in winter liek fescue does)
gangrene -necrosis of foot and extremities following vasoconstriction |
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what is in arrow grass
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cyanide
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horsechestnuts known for?
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spiky fruit, affets grazers (cows), peculiar forelimb gait (like walking on hot pavement), tremors, saw horse stance)
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how do you tx arrow grass
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sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate -cyanide
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what two main signs are characteristic for spiky fruit -their name?
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Horsechestnuts, peculiar forelimb gait, sawhorse stance
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what plants cause syndromes in front vs hind limbs
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ryegrass -hind paralysis
horsechestnuts-forelimb gait is odd, |
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waht two plants cause sloughing of extremities
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ergotism, fescue toxicosis (foot toxicosis)
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what aspects of the horsechestnut are toxic
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saponin glycoside and honey
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what do walnut plants do to dogs? horses?
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dogs -gastroenteritis (green), horse laminitis (bark as shavings)
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avocado pear effects in horses, mice, goats
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horses -cardiac, goats -mammary, mice -dsypnea
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describe the condition in goats w. avocado pear
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sterile mastitis -non infectious, coagulative necrosis of mammary acinar epi
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what occurs w. avocado pear in non lactating goats
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neck edema and cardiac edema
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what is the toxic principle in avocado pear
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furan
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perilla mint known for?
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damage type 1 and 2 pneumocytes then proliferates to excess =resp signs, edema around neck adn shoulders
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what is seen in dogs an dpigs w. perilla mint tox
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liver signs (not lungs)
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what is seen w. precatory bean?
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gastroenteritis, ulcerative sotmatitis
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locoweed
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latent period, aggression when startled, 3 factors
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what are the 3 agents of locoweed and tx
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selenium,swainsonine alkaloid -mannosidase inhib miserotoxin (methb =resp signs) =sedative reserpine, laxatives, give thiamine (neuro!), methylene blue
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crotalaria
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liver dz, latent period before signs, cattle unthrifty, horses: chronic, death in days/mnths, uncoordinated, head pressing -liver cripples
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former name for crotalaria
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bottom dz
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why remember L, L, L for crotalaria
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lungs, liver, laminitis!!
*LAMINITIS |
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agent for crotalaria
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pyrrolizidine alkaloids -venous vessel constriction
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scotch broom
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death from resp failure
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teratogenic plants:
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scotch broom, lupins, jimsonweed, potato, false hellebores
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secondary photosensitization in which plant
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lantana -lantadene a and b
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scotch broom agent
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quinolizidien alkaloids, cysine
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soybean
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epistaxis, hemorrages SQ
colic, pyrexia |
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2 plants that take awhile to show signs
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crotalaria -takes awhile, locoweed -latent period
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black locust
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tree -toxic shoots/bark/leaves, laminitis in horses, belligerant cattle, POSTERIOR paralysis, dsypnea, tachy PM GI irritation
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agent for black locust
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phytotoxin
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lathyrism
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nervous system, osteolathryism -CNS signs in horses -laryngeal paralysis, skeletal changes, m. degen
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agent for lathyrism
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aa's inhibit lysyl oxidase -collagen formation
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lupins former name
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crooked calf
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lupins
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acute: twitching covulsions, hyper excitability
DEATH from RESP paralysis chronic-hepatic damage, teratogenicity |
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pm signs for tertaogenic lupins/liver lupins
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jaundice, yellow liver, pulmonary edema (no blood albumin?)
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senna
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hburia, myoglobinuria, pericaridal fluid and myocardial damage
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senna agent
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glycoside -cardiac signs
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sesbania
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yellow flower, cattle caravings, bladderpod, rattlebox, stiff gait, hyperkalemic@
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clover
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grazinganimals, horses slobbering
trioliosis/dew poisoning in horses -feet/muzzles cytogenic glycoside |
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senna agent
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glycoside -cardiac signs
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clover principle
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safonins: photosensitization!
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sesbania
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yellow flower, cattle caravings, bladderpod, rattlebox, stiff gait, hyperkalemic@
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sweet clover
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warvafin story -inhibit vit k , coumarins
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clover
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grazinganimals, horses slobbering
trioliosis/dew poisoning in horses -feet/muzzles cytogenic glycoside |
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sweet cover inhibits what?
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vit K epoxide reductase
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clover principle
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safonins: photosensitization!
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sweet clover
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warvafin story -inhibit vit k , coumarins
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normal vs sweet clover c.s.
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normal -slobbery, photosens., sweet bleeding disorder vit K
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sweet cover inhibits what?
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vit K epoxide reductase
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alfalfa lucerne
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bloat! ARDS -acute resp distress syndrome
talkign about green plant not hay |
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normal vs sweet clover c.s.
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normal -slobbery, photosens., sweet bleeding disorder vit K
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alfalfa morb/mortal
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morbitidy low, high mortality
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alfalfa lucerne
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bloat! ARDS -acute resp distress syndrome
talkign about green plant not hay |
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vetches 2 syndromes
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neruod dz (seeds), cutanouvsiceral dz (leaves)
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alfalfa morb/mortal
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morbitidy low, high mortality
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vetches 2 syndromes
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neruod dz (seeds), cutanouvsiceral dz (leaves)
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sesbania
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bladderpod, rattlebox, sudden death, hemorrahgic diarrhea, hyperkalemia
*cattle have cravings |
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what are the weird names for sesbania
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bladderpod, rattlebox
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cattle crave which 2 plants
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sesbania, locoweed
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false hellebores -veratum californicum
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vomiting in ruminants, salivation, uuper GI irritant, cario effects -carioglycosides
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death camas
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vomiting in ruminants
affets sheep, steroid alkaloids |
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how to tx false hellebores
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cardia/resp stimulant
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tx death camas
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atropine/doxapram
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yellow jessamine
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evergreen vine, death from resp failure, staggering*uncommon
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cotton
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myocarditis, necrosis,
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chinaberry
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GI irritation, tachy, ataxioconvulsions
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pokeweed
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vomiting monogastrics, hemolytic crisiss hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
*punched out fruits |
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ponderosa pine
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abortion
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ponderosa pine agent
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isocupressic acids
resins; m and kindey necrosis |
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buckwheat
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photosensitization
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buckwheat agent
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fagopyrin
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rhybarb
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hypocalcemia
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aconite
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vomigint, rapid onset, gi irritant
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buttercups
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blistering of muzzle, hematuria
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larkspur
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tremors, bloat, dath from resp paralysis
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prunus
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red blood
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sesbania
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bladderpod, rattlebox, sudden death, hemorrahgic diarrhea, hyperkalemia
*cattle have cravings |
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what are the weird names for sesbania
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bladderpod, rattlebox
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cattle crave which 2 plants
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sesbania, locoweed
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false hellebores -veratum californicum
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vomiting in ruminants, salivation, uuper GI irritant, cario effects -carioglycosides
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death camas
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vomiting in ruminants
affets sheep, steroid alkaloids |
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how to tx false hellebores
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cardia/resp stimulant
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tx death camas
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atropine/doxapram
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yellow jessamine
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evergreen vine, death from resp failure, staggering*uncommon
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cotton
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myocarditis, necrosis,
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chinaberry
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GI irritation, tachy, ataxioconvulsions
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4 syndromes of potato
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cns, gastric, exanthematous -ulcerative stomatits/conjunctivitis/scruffy eczema, teratogenicity
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tobacco
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limb skeletal defects, cns derangement, resp arrest before cardiac
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jasmin
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cachexia, stiff gait, lame pm lesions in carpal jts, hypercalcemia
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tx for jasmin
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calcitonin
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yew
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heart stops floppy heart, bracycardia leading to asystole
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yew agents
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taxine -non irritant alkaloid
cyanogenic glycoside |
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tx yew
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give purgatives
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lantana
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secondary photosensitization due to liver lesions
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liliaceae
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cats =polyuric failure need to cathc before they go oliguirc -need to keep fluids flushing w. aggressive tx tx pain, inflamm gastroenteritis but mostly anterior prob -cecontamination and ggressive fluids before anuric phase
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poinsettia
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leaves are red -not flowers
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px of cats w. liliaceae
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poor if anuric (must diurese before they get there)
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tongues swelling elevated pulse?
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oxalates -diefenbachia
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steer losses w. borwn nasal discharge
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oak
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cyanide blood
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red
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nitrate symptoms and antidote
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methb former -brown /dark organs, methylene blue
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who is more susceptible to nitrate
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ruminants
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oxalates
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cause hemorrhagic ruminitis antidote is calcium
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aflatoxicosis
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likes warm, moisture, multiple c.s due to immunosuppression, hmorrhagic, arhrythmias
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red maple
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percue syndrome death, methb former (like oxalate)
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onions
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hemolysis, heinz bodies like rye
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pigweed
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methb anemia, perirenal edema, alert w. no coma
*amaranthus retrofleuxs |
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hemlock
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no antidote
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oleander -heart gi
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cardiac irreg hr, salivation, sonstipation, gstroenteritis, convulsions, hepatitis, npehristis give b blocker -propanolol, no antidote, agent is cardenolides!!!!
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hmep dogbane in ruminants
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vomiting
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milk weed
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narow leave dn whorled =neurotoxic, broad leaved =cardiotoxic and less toxic
*narrowneuro |
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yellowstart thistle
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chewing dz, nigropallidal encephalomalacia
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whtie snake root
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no presence of pyrrolizidine
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broom weed
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diff from sneezeweed because has nasal discharge (mkucopurulent)sneezeweed had green discharge
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bitterweed in ruminants
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vomiting like hemp dogbane
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tansy ragwort
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hepatic encephalopahty
4 signs; centrilobular necrosis, protal fibrosis and prolif, maglaosytosis/ikeryomegaly, venous and perivenous fibrosis |
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horsebrush
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secondary photosensittization
big head in sheep |
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cocklebur
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spiny fruit (like horsechestnut), usually when introducing new stock to new envirn't, inhibits ox phos
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hounds tongue
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hepatotoxic, icterus, hepati encephalopathy, PHOTOSENSITIZATION
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brassic mustard
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heinz bodies like onion and rye
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brassic mustard
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hemolyti anemia, PEM photosensitization
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tansy mustard
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tongue paralysis
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cannabinacea
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cns disorientation -daze/head pressing
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halogeton
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oxalate poisoning
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st johng's wart
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photosensitization
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oak
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constipation then bloody diarrhea, straining, brown nasla discharge8888 colic tenesmus, renal failure
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antidotes for cyanide, nitrate, bracknfern, tansy mustard, slaframine, oxalate, pigweed
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cyanide thiosulfate, nitrate methylene blue, bracken fern, thiamien antidote, tansy mustard ethanol/alcohol, slaframine-atropine slud, oxalate calcium borgluconate, pigweed methylene blue
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