Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
225 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What worm in pigs causes clinical signs similar to swine dysentery?
|
trichuris (whipworms)
|
|
|
What do you suspect when you see a dairy cow with right-sided abdominal curve, you hear a ping
|
RDA
|
|
|
Which suture pattern used for small intestinal anastamosis?
|
Simple interrupted
|
|
|
What is the treatment for Erysipelothrix ?
|
Penicillin
|
|
|
In which trimester does in-utero crooked calf disease occurs?
|
(Lupine toxicosis) early gestation ~40-70d
|
|
|
Which radiographic views are used for navicular syndrome/P3 fracture diagnosis ?
|
45degree DP (navicular bone isolated over P2 & is easily visible), 65degree DP (P3 edges clearly visible)
|
|
|
If a family pet bobcat without vaccines bites a child, what do you do?
|
euthanize and submit head
|
|
|
What is your plan for a horse with red lesion on tongue and is dysphagic?
|
float teeth, take cytology of lesion
|
|
|
What would your dx plan be for a red/pink raised plaque on cat’s eye?
|
Test for FeLV/FIV, cytology
|
|
|
Radiograph of poodle with enlarged heart, ¾ murmur on left side, dyspneic, what do you treat with?
|
furosemide & digoxin
|
|
|
Beef heifer close to parturition is down and won’t get up, fetus alive, recent change from grain to roughage, what do you do?
|
check Ca/P levels (milk fever usually occurs w/I 24h post-partum, but change from high energy to diet to low predisposes cows)
|
|
|
Picture a cat missing top two teeth, lesions in those spaces are now abscesses, radiographs show bone lysis in area, what do you do?
|
cytology of abscess
|
|
|
Sheep with crust/papule on lip, what do you do?
|
Inform owner of zoonotic potential, contagious ecthyma
|
|
|
What is the most likely cause of coliforms found in milk bulk tank
|
lack of equipment washing with subsequent environmental contamination
|
|
|
Vaccinated cat bites someone, how long do you isolate it?
|
10 days
|
|
|
Species responsible for zoonosis of Type A influenza
|
Waterfowl, pigs
|
|
|
Diffenbachia (dumbcane) causes what in goats?
|
Stomatitis
|
|
|
What layer of small intestine has the best holding power for anastomosis?
|
Submucosa
|
|
|
What is the primary tumor site in dogs?
|
Adrenals
|
|
|
What is used in the treatment of mites in pigs
|
Amitraz
|
|
|
What is the reversal agent for oxymorphone ?
|
Naloxone
|
|
|
What tumor has 90% curative rate with chemotherapy?
|
TVT (tx w/ vincristine)
|
|
|
Brucella in a female dogs, slide agglutination test is positive, what do you do next?
|
Spay
|
|
|
Brucella in dogs causes abortion when?
|
45-60 days
|
|
|
What is the causative agent of snuffles in rabbits?
|
Pasturella multocida
|
|
|
Foodborn shigella and viral hepatitis most likely due to?
|
improper handling
|
|
|
A mare is what type of ovulator?
|
Seasonal polyestrus, spontaneous
|
|
|
“Redmite” in snakes carries what?
|
Aeromonas
|
|
|
Lateral deviation of radius results from what condition?
|
premature distal ulnar physeal closure
|
|
|
What is the most common calculi in horses ?
|
calcium carbonate
|
|
|
What structure can’t you feel on rectal in a normal dog?
|
Pelvic brim
|
|
|
Calves that are stiff, swollen joints, what supplement do they need?
|
Vit. E/Se
|
|
|
How do you treat Sarcoptes?
|
selamectin or amitraz
|
|
|
What parasite causes alopecia in a dog on the ventral abdomen and elbows?
|
Scabies
|
|
|
Supplement taurine in cats to prevent what eye lesion?
|
central retinal degeneration
|
|
|
What are the possible causes of a globoid shaped heart on a radiograph of a dog?
|
possible causes include pericardial effusion and extreme generalized cardiomegaly
|
|
|
Most common lymphoma sites in cattle with bovine lymphosarcoma virus
|
right atrium, uterus, abomasum, & kidney
|
|
|
What would u suspect in the case of a
HBC dog with dropped elbow, no sensation on neuro exam? |
brachial plexus avulsion
|
|
|
How is VEE different from WEE ?
|
VEE is much more severe and is not found in USA
|
|
|
How do you control zoonosis of the EE’s?
|
bird control, mosquito control, vaccinate horses
|
|
|
Why would you perform a permanent rumenotomy on a heifer?
|
vagal nerve dysfunction
|
|
|
What is the most common tumor on an equine penis?
|
Squamous cell carcinoma
|
|
|
Taurine deficiency in cats can cause what cardiac disease?
|
DCM (systolic myocardial defect)
|
|
|
Marek’s is what kind of virus?
|
herpesvirus
|
|
|
What supplement is needed to prevent parakeratosis?
|
Zinc
|
|
|
Two most common causes of abortions in sheep?
|
Campylobacter fetus (Vibriosis) & Chlamydia psittaci (enzootic abortion of ewes)
|
|
|
TB intradermal skin test is performed where in an ape?
|
Eyelid
|
|
|
Why does listeriosis have high morbidity and high mortality?
|
its endotoxin thrives in any aged animal and the organism can survive a wide range of temperatures/pH levels
|
|
|
Large CL 230d in cow, what drug can be used to lyse this (induce estrus)?
|
prostaglandin & corticosteroids
|
|
|
With hyperparathyroidism, Ca & P levels will be what?
|
Ca increased
P decreased |
|
|
Senecio effects what organ system in horses?
|
Liver
|
|
|
Senecio effects what organ system in cows?
|
Kidneys
|
|
|
What is the term for a cow with a "sunken spine?"
|
Lordosis
|
|
|
When collecting Precaval blood collection from swine on the R side, what structure is to be avoided?
|
avoid the L phrenic nerve, which will immediately kill the pig.
|
|
|
Most common sites other than shoulder for OCD in dogs?
|
elbow-stifle-hock (hip rare)
|
|
|
Linear FB in cat, cut string in mouth, now what do you do?
|
Surgery
|
|
|
Mast cells seen on blood slide in a cat, what type of tumor caused this?
|
Mast cell tumor
|
|
|
Splenic ligament in horse connects to what?
|
Left kidney
|
|
|
Abyssinian cats are predisposed to …
|
amyloidosis
|
|
|
Arabian horse with dark proliferation around anus, what is a potential cause?
|
Melanoma
|
|
|
Sugar glider was just castrated, owner reports chewing on sutures, what do you do?
|
e-collar
|
|
|
Where in mare does fertilization take place?
|
Oviduct
|
|
|
A child has pinworms. The family wants to know if her got them from the puppy?
|
No, most likely from another child
|
|
|
What cells will you see in joint with immune-mediated arthritis
|
neutrophils
(all immune-mediated have increased WBC/inflammatory infiltrate) |
|
|
Iguana with end of tail pulled off, not bleeding, what do you do?
|
Nothing
|
|
|
How is BVD managed in bovine herds?
|
cull PI animals, vaccinate calves/adults
|
|
|
All white neonatal foal with recessive X gene, parents are all white, no feces in 2 days, what caused this?
|
meconium impaction
|
|
|
What is the tx for lumpy jaw?
|
no treatment, cull affected animals
|
|
|
A slide of bull semen shows curled tails, what do you do?
|
Recheck in 60 days
|
|
|
Aspergillus in birds causes what lesion?
|
necrotic or white nodules
|
|
|
Infectious pododermatitis inbetween claws in cows, also found in joint, what treatment?
|
amputate (joint infection)
|
|
|
Cat has crusts, pruritis, erythema spots on face & ears, owner also pruritic on abdomen, what do you tell owner?
|
need to scrape & culture cat lesions, need to see human doctor
|
|
|
What are the symptoms of discospondylitis in dogs?
|
pain +/- neuro deficits
|
|
|
Dog in cardiac failure, murmur (mitral valve insufficiency), ventral lung edema, dyspnic, what do you do?
|
thoracocentesis
|
|
|
Where do you collect blood on a cat that you cannot on a dog?
|
medial saphenous
|
|
|
What do you use to lyse a CL on a sow @ 30-48d?
|
prostaglandins & corticosteroids
|
|
|
What leptospirosis spp. is most virulent to humans?
|
L. interrogans, serovar icterohemorrhagica
|
|
|
HBC cat has UMN signs to front limbs & LMN signs to rear limbs, localize the lesion
|
C5-T2 (brachial plexus avulsion)
|
|
|
Ketamine is what class of drug?
|
Dissociative
|
|
|
Monkey needs lesions of face examined, what anesthetic agent should you use?
|
Ketamine
|
|
|
Dermoid, congenital for Rhodesian ridgebacks, is found where?
|
back (incomplete closing of neural tube)
|
|
|
Dog becomes apneic after giving a sedative, what do you do?
|
intubate and ventilate
|
|
|
Perineal adenoma has been surgically removed, what can you do to prevent recurrence?
|
radiation or 6 weeks of vincristine
|
|
|
What spp. transmits and posses the greatest risk for zoonosis of E.coli O157H7?
|
Cattle
|
|
|
What is the method of action of activated charcoal?
|
binds to toxins & prevents GIT absorption
|
|
|
Fast growing Thoroughbred horse with progressive ataxia from rear to front limbs, what causes this?
|
wobbler’s (cervical vertebral instability)
|
|
|
What nerve is damaged with sweeny?
|
suprascapular (most common in draft breeds that pull heavy loads)
|
|
|
FIP causes what kind of lesions?
|
suppurative, granulomatous, modified transudate
|
|
|
Treatment for coccida?
|
amprolium or sulfadimethoxine
|
|
|
Most common congenital cardiac anomaly in horses
|
VSD
|
|
|
Most common acquired cardiac defect in dogs is.....
|
mitral insufficiency
|
|
|
When (days) can you palpate placentomes in cows?
|
~65-70d (membrane slip 30-35d)
|
|
|
What kind of cells are seen on uterine cytology when a bitch is in estrus?
|
cornified epithelium
|
|
|
Which dog breed has congenital tracheal hypoplasia?
|
English bulldog
|
|
|
Foal has how long to effectively ingest/absorb colostrum?
|
12-18 hours
|
|
|
How long does take ovulated egg to reach oviduct in horse?
|
24-48 hours
|
|
|
Most common reason vaccinations can cause reaction?
|
Lepto in vaccine
|
|
|
Ehrlichia granulosis is zoonotic & carried by what spp.?
|
Dog
|
|
|
What breathing pattern is seen with URT obstruction in dogs?
|
obstructive breathing pattern (increased inspiratory effort)
|
|
|
Sulfa drugs can cause what ocular disease?
|
KCS
|
|
|
Anaplasma in cows most commonly seen in what age?
|
2-4 years
|
|
|
What drug used in myasthenia gravis test?
|
edrophonium
|
|
|
Eight month pregnant mare, what is the source of progesterone?
|
Placenta
|
|
|
Falcon with trichmonas, how did it contract the disease?
|
From a pigeon
|
|
|
On a radiograph of a cat thorax with elevated trachea, caudally displaced heart, what’s the cause?
|
mediastinal mass
|
|
|
Horse is ¾ lame, palmar nerve block positive (lameness resolves), what structure is not effected?
|
P3 (only blocks palmar branches palmar nerves which go to bulbs of heel & navicular bone)
|
|
|
Describe clinical signs in a cat with DM
|
PU/PD, polyphagia, weight loss, plantigrade stance
|
|
|
Most common age Johne’s disease (Mycobacterium paratuberculosis) is diagnosed
|
must be >2yrs, usually 4-6yrs old (adult cattle)
|
|
|
Several Dipillydium canis are found in as dog, how did it get them?
|
Fleas
|
|
|
Cat transfusion from Type A to B & vice versa casues what reaction(s)?
|
Type A transfusion given to a Type B recipient results in an acute transfusion reaction & death, Type B transfusion given to a Type A recipient results in decreased RBC lifespan & PCV drops w/I few days
|
|
|
A palpated mare, 4h later her heart rate is increased, what caused this?
|
Rectal tear
|
|
|
Horse on pasture grazing, what kind of worms is it most likely to get?
|
stongyles
|
|
|
Pig with cecum open, what kind of worms are present?
|
trichuris & oesophagostomun
|
|
|
Which joints communicate in horses’ legs?
|
medial patellar pouch with stifle, radiocarpal & proximal intercarpal, tibiotarsal & proximal intertarsal
|
|
|
What is the Morgan line in canine hip dysplasia?
|
Morgan line = osteophyte formation on neck of femur)
|
|
|
What population of people is most likely to get toxocara/toxascaris?
|
toddlers/pregnant women
|
|
|
What do you do to a rabbit with large incisors?
|
trim the incisors
|
|
|
Pasturella in rabbits can cause ....
|
snuffles
|
|
|
Why do you perform Caslicks procedures in mares?
|
keep them from sucking in air/feces
|
|
|
What is the gestation of a mare?
|
340d
|
|
|
Cat is coughing, find eggs ~80um, what organism?
|
paragonamus
|
|
|
Most common dermatophyte infection in cats caused by …
|
Microsporum canis
|
|
|
How is GVD identified on radiographs?
|
Compartmentilaztion, "Popeye's arm"
|
|
|
What is the nost common joint for bog spavin to occur?
|
tibial tarsal joints (osteophyte formation)
|
|
|
What is the nost common joint for bone spavin to occur?
|
distal intertarsal joints (osteophyte formation
|
|
|
Most common nasal tumor in a dog & how to treat it?
|
adenocarcinoma, radiation therapy
|
|
|
How do you induce parturition in a cow?
|
PGF2a
|
|
|
Queens are what kind of ovulators?
|
seasonal, induced
|
|
|
What rodent is predisposed to pregnancy toxemia?
|
guinea pigs
|
|
|
Monkeys and guinea pigs are predisposed to what disease?
|
scurvy (vit. C deficiency, must supplement in diet)
|
|
|
Turtles with swollen eyelids & conjunctivitis, what is the cause?
|
hypovitaminosis A
|
|
|
Ich in fish causes what lesion?
|
white plaques on skin/scales
|
|
|
Orf causes lesions on the mouth of sheep, what kind of virus is it?
|
parapoxvirus
|
|
|
What fetal tissues should you send in to diagnose porcine parvovirus?
|
entire mummified fetus (perform IFA on tissues)
|
|
|
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia in pigs causes what symptoms?
|
bloody froth discharge from nose
|
|
|
What is the most common deficiency in piglets ?
|
Iron
|
|
|
What clinical signs do you see with a horse that has laryngeal paralysis?
|
coughing, exercise intolerance
|
|
|
Characteristics of an aborted fetus due to EHV-1 & EHV-4
|
freshly aborted +/- edema, minimal autolysis (contrast with EVA where fetus is greatly autolysed)
|
|
|
Horse with laceration on leg, has a stiff gait, what disease would you suspect?
|
Tetanus
|
|
|
Horse pulled up tight after a run, what is the diagnosis?
|
exertional rhabdomyolysis (tying up)
|
|
|
What nerve(s) must be damaged to cause a strabismus?
|
cranial nerves 4 & 6
|
|
|
What is the most common complication of thyroidectomy in cats?
|
hypocalcemia (remove parathyroid glands)
|
|
|
What type of drug is Digoxin and what are its effects?
|
cardiac glycoside, positive inotrope, increased contractility, antiarrhymogenic
|
|
|
A dog has craniocaudal movement of stifle, what is the diagnosis?
|
CCL rupture
|
|
|
Dog been treated for CCL rupture, now has draining tract, what caused this?
|
Suture material left created infection
|
|
|
Spherocytes indicate what disease?
|
IMHA (schistocytes indicate DIC)
|
|
|
Cat with azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, what diagnostic test do you run next?
|
UA
|
|
|
Most common joint for OCD in a dog?
|
caudal border of humeral head
|
|
|
Horse walks on toe, what procedure to perform for correction?
|
digital tendon tenotomy, distal check ligament desmotomy
|
|
|
Horse is 30d pregnant, how do you diagnose?
|
palpate per retum) uterine horns small with pronounced tone, conceptus felt as a ventral buldge 4cm diameter at base of gravid uterine horn
|
|
|
What is the treatment for Rhodococcus equi ?
|
erythromycin & rifampin combo
|
|
|
Pinworms (Oxyuris sp.) cause what clinical signs?
|
pruritis, excoriations, broken hair at tail base
|
|
|
Treatment for Strep. equi (strangles)
|
penicillin or nothing
|
|
|
Foal with swollen joints, what is the most likely diagnosis?
|
foal septicemia (E. coli)
|
|
|
Drugs used for treament of COPD?
|
aminophylline > prednisone
|
|
|
Schistocytes indicate what?
|
DIC
|
|
|
Horse with ventral limb edema, most likely cause?
|
EVA, purpura hemorrhagica
|
|
|
Aplastic anemia in cattle is caused by …
|
bracken fern toxicity (Pteridium sp.)
|
|
|
Calf has cerebellar hypoplasia, what caused this?
|
in utero infection with BVD
|
|
|
Cow is 300d pregnant & has developed a uterine torsion, what do you do?
|
C-section
|
|
|
Downer cow has not calved & is ketotic with low calcium, what can you give
|
calcium-dextrose IV fluids
|
|
|
Footrot in cattle is caused by
|
Fusobacterium necrophorum, Bacteroides nodosus
|
|
|
Postmortem animal diagnosed with gossypol toxicity, what lesion will you see?
|
red-tinged fluid, edema, pale-streaked heart, edematous lungs
|
|
|
What is the treatment for nitrate toxicity
|
methylene blue
|
|
|
What disease is associated with rectal stricture in pigs?
|
Salmonella typhimurium
|
|
|
How do piglets contract salmonellosis?
|
feco-oral contamination from carrier pigs or rodents
|
|
|
How often do you feed an orphaned rabbit?
|
Once a day
|
|
|
Dog recently been to British Columbia with owner & now has fever, diarrhea, etc., what is the disease?
|
salmon poisoning
|
|
|
What signs are associated with hypokalemia?
|
weakness, CNS depression, venrtoflexion of neck in cats
|
|
|
Dog breeder is worried about Brucella canis infection, what can you do to diagnose it?
|
serum agglutination test
|
|
|
Young pigs are vomiting and have diarrhea, what is the disease?
|
TGE
|
|
|
African gray parrot with nodule under beak, what diagnostic test should you run, what is the disease/agent?
|
FNA showing cornified epithelial cells, papilloma virus
|
|
|
Chickens with swollen waddles & joints, also has nasal discharge, what’s the disease?
|
chlamydiosis/psittacosis
|
|
|
Flock of broilers all sick, antibiotics aren’t helping, what do you do?
|
necropsy dead ones
|
|
|
What clinical signs do you see with Merek’s disease?
|
enlarged nerves, esp. sciatic
|
|
|
Pet bird with watery feces, owner thinks bird is drinking more, what’s wrong?
|
renal failure
|
|
|
Finely ground feed causes what clinical signs in pigs?
|
gastric ulcers
|
|
|
Edematous, shiny small intestine of a pig, what caused this lesion?
|
E.coli
|
|
|
Salmonella causes what clinical signs?
|
diarrhea with fibrin & blood, leukopenia
|
|
|
What disease causes decreased elasticity to skin?
|
cushing’s
|
|
|
What is the carrier for Tuleremia?
|
rabbits (carrier for yersinia = cats in USA)
|
|
|
Dog has tumor on leg, thoracic radiographs should be taken because …
|
check for metastasis
|
|
|
Washed out thoracic radiographs, what is the cause?
|
… pyothorax if CS present, overexposure, diaphragmatic hernia if bowel loops present
|
|
|
Thoracic radiographs of a dog with enlarged right heart & tortuous vessels, what’s the diagnosis?
|
HWD
|
|
|
Atrophic rhinitis causes what economic problem?
|
poor feed conversion
|
|
|
Cat found in dumpster, can eat/drink on own, eyes still blue, deciduous teeth coming in, what age is the kitten?
|
5-6weeks
|
|
|
Mare with small ovary, the other one is fluid filled, what’s the diagnosis?
|
granulosa cell tumor (often mare has stallion like behavior)
|
|
|
How large are normal canine kidneys on radiographs?
|
2.5-3.5 x L2 width
|
|
|
Clinical signs of heartworm disease in humans?
|
pulmonary nodules on lungs
|
|
|
Animal with lackluster eye, what test do you run?
|
shirmer tear test
|
|
|
Corneal lesion in a cat, has black/brown spot, what’s the lesion?
|
corneal sequestration & keratitis
|
|
|
What disease is suspected in a cow
with rigid ears, wide eyes, & lips drawn back? |
tetanus
|
|
|
In a dog with HCM, what drug do you not want to use?
|
digoxin
|
|
|
What antibiotic is contraindicated in large breed dogs?
|
enrofloxacin
|
|
|
Pacheco’s disease causes what clinical signs?
|
death of well-fleshed animals, bright yellow urates with little feces, enlarged/mottled liver on necropsy
|
|
|
Iguana radiographs, demineralized bone, what vitamin deficiency?
|
vitamin D3
|
|
|
Mouthrot in snakes is caused by
|
Aeromonas
|
|
|
Goats are in estrus when?
|
fall/autumn
|
|
|
What is the most common disease that causes hypercalcemia in dogs?
|
lymphosarcoma
|
|
|
Dog with perineal tumor & hypercalcemia, what is the type of tumor?
|
apocrine gland adenocarcinoma
( of the anal sac) |
|
|
What is the function of the crop/proventriculus do in birds?
|
crop stores food, proventriculus grinds food
|
|
|
What is the most common urolith in dogs
|
struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate)
|
|
|
What is the clinical sign of maple leaf toxicity?
|
hematuria
|
|
|
What is the clinical sign of acorn toxicity?
|
perirenal edema
|
|
|
What bandage is used for hip or sacroiliac luxation?
|
ehmer sling
|
|
|
Survey of 100 dogs in a shelter, 10 had heartworm, what’s the prevalence?
|
10%
|
|
|
People eat ham/meat at a restaurant that has been out all day, now they have stomach cramps, what’s the most likely causative agent?
|
campylobacter
|
|
|
What is the most likely cause of a pruritic cow?
|
pseudorabies
|
|
|
What is the most significant concern about imported turtles?
|
salmonella
|
|
|
What chemotherapy drug causes cystitis?
|
cyclophosphamide
|
|
|
Adult cow with RDA, what fluids should you give?
|
(leads to metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, & hypokalemia) give saline fluids with KCl
|
|
|
What does the endometrium of a cow produce?
|
prolactin, estrodoil
|
|
|
You suspect laminitis in a horse, what diagnostic test should you perform?
|
hoof testers, radiographs
|
|
|
What is the heart rate of a horse?
|
28-48bpm
|
|
|
Female cat with large stones in bladder, what do you do?
|
perform cystotomy
|
|
|
What drug can be successfully used in cats with elimination disorders?
|
buspirone
|
|
|
What drug can be used for detrusor muscle atony?
|
bethanecol
|
|
|
Two places in horse GIT where impactions occur (narrowing of lumen)?
|
pelvic flexture & transverse colon
|
|
|
In which spp. are reticulocytes a good indicator of RBC regenteration?
|
Dogs
|
|
|
Why can’t you use reticulocytes in horses to determine RBC regeneration?
|
they are not found in peripheral blood
|
|
|
What do you see with cat scratch fever?
|
generalized red rash, caused by Bartonella spp.
|
|
|
What is the most common isolate from abscesses secondary to cat bites ?
|
P. multocida
|
|
|
What is the most common organism found in cow laceration?
|
Staph. spp.
|
|
|
Clinical signs of mad cow disease are similar to what?
|
scrapies
|
|
|
Red fluid obtained from thoracocentesis, does not clot, where did it come from?
|
pleural or pericardial space
|
