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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is the abomasum allowed to "wander"?
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Firmly attached anteriorly by the omasum but losley suspended by greater and lesser omentum
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The occurrence of LDA is 90%. when does this tend to occur?
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within first 6 weeks of calving (dairy cattle)
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What happens in a LDA?
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Greater curveof the abomasum passes under the rumen and gets trapped against the body wall
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Why is an RDA considered an emergency?
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It is always accompanied by some degree of torsion of the pylorus
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What is an abomasal volvulus?
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Twisting of abomasum on the mesenteric plexus
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What factors predispose a cow to a displaced abomasum
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-age
-parturition -nutrition -hypocalcemia -abomasal atony -concurrent dz -misc factors |
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True or false, younger cows are more likey to have a displaced abomasum?
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false, older cows are
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Why is parturition a factor of displace abmasum?
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The enlarged uterus can displace the rumen allowing the abomasum to move under it
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What role can ketosis play in displaced abomasum?
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adds to negative energy balance
decr appetite decreased rumen fill may ;lead to shifting of organs |
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What effect does hypocalcemia have on the abomasum?
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decreased motility
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What can cause abomasal atony?
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Increased VFA from concentrate feed
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How do concurrent dzs such as metritis, mastitis affect the abomasum?
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endotoxins depress motlilty
leads to hypocalcemia |
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What are the clinical sigsn of LDA/RDA?
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-decr appetitite
-decr milk -normal TPR -ketouria/ketolactia -"DA" diarrhea -chane in contour? -decr rumen contractions -pinging over rib cage -may feel large rumen rectally |
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What are the clinical signs of abomasal volvulus?
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Complete anorexia
Sharp decrease in milk production Sunken left paralumbar fossa Ketouria/Ketolactia Absent rumen contractions Scant manure production Elevated heart rate > 100 bpm Dehydration Systemic shock of left unattended Death May be able to rectally palpate the abomasum |
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How do you listen for a ping?
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Ausculation at each ICS
-tympanic resonant sound on percussion do both sounds -ballotment of lower abdomen may reveal splashing sound |
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Where do you find the pings?
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Line form point of elbow to tuber coxae and from elbow to the stifle
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Do all displaced abomasums ping?
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NO!
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Where is the classic location for a LDA ping?
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lower third of abd from 8th ICS to paralumbar fossa,
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Where is the classic location for a RDA/volvulus ping?
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usually confined to an area of the last 5 ribs in the upper half of the abdomen
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What are the differentials for a LDA?
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-rumen tympany
-peritonitis -pneumoperitoneum -physometra |
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What are the differentials for RDA?
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-Cecal dilitation or volvulus
-Gas in spiral colon -“Off feed ping” – gas accumulation from ileus -Pneumorectum -Pneumoperitoneum -Physometra -Abomasal volvulus |
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How do you dx a DA?
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-Clinical signs
-Percussion -Rectal examination -Clinical pathology -Liptak test (for LDA only) |
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What clinpath results would you expect in a DA?
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-CBC - normal unless concurrent dz
-PCV/TP normal unless dehydrated can increase greatly with volvulus |
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What serum chem or blood gas results would you expect with DA?
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-Metabolic Alkalosis 9worse w/ volvulus or chronic LDA)
-Hypochloremia -Hypokalemia -Hyperlactatemia (px w/ volvulus) -Hypocalcemia?? -Hyperbilirubinemia -Ketone bodies -Hypercalcemia (can occur with the systemic shock that accompanies abomasal volvulus> |
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What happens to chloride in a DA that is not a complete obstruction?
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+/- Mild hypochloremia
+/- Mild metabolic alkalosis |
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Why might there be a hypochloremia with a volvulus
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Potential for sequestration of HCl in abomasum
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