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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This disease is due to hypothyroidism from birth and is usually accompanied by intellectual impairment and developmental abnormalities?
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Cretinism
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This is the term synonomous with sever hypothyroidism and is due to infiltration of the skin with hyrdophilic mucopolysaccharide
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Myexdema
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95% of all cases of hypothyrodism Is due to (primary, secondary or tertiary) causes?
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primary
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What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the US?
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autoimmune (Hashimotos)
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This disease is caused be cytotoxic antibodies being directed at follicular cells leading to thyroid atrophy and fibrosis?
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Hashimotos
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What can lithium cause?
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both goiter and hypothyroidism
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What might occur to the pituitary after long-standing hypothyroidism?
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Enlargement (due to constant TSH secretion) - may lead to visual field defects and headaches
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What is the prevalence of hypothyrodism in neonates?
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1 in 5000
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What is the single most important diagnostic test for hypothyroidism?
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Serum TSH
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TRUE/FALSE Serum total and free T4 will be reduced in all forms of hypothyroidism?
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TRUE;
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What is used to diagnose Hashimotos disease?
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Thyroid autoantibodies
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Are LDL cholesterol levels reduced or elevated in most patients with hypothyrodism?
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Elevated in most (not necessarily in hypothyroidism of pituitayr origin)
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Serum levels of carotene are (reduced or elevated) in patients with hypothyroidism?
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Elevated
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Hypothyroid patients will have (tachycardia or bradycardia)?
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bradycardia (mostly)
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What are the majority of patients with hypothyrodisim treated with?
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A single daily dose of synthetic levothyroxine
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In known or suspected cases of pituitary/hypothalamic hypothyrodism , what do you want to give alongside thyroxine treatment?
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Corticosteroid (prevent acute adrenocortical insufficiency)
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Would you administer htyroxine treatment to a hypothyroid patient about the have coronary re-vascularization?
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NO; wait until after surgery (risk of infarction)
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This is the extreme clinical expression of hypothyroidism, is a life-threatening emergency, and is one of the cases where therapy with T3 is warranted?
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Myexedema coma
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What is the mortality of myexedema coma?
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30-60%
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What season would myexedema coma be more prominent in?
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winter (cold exposure)
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In myexedema coma, what is given alongside thyroxine therapy?
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hydrocortisone (prevent adrenal insufficiency)
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This is the term applied to the clinical, physiological, and biochemical finding that result when the tissues are exposed to and respons to excess thyroid hormone?
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thyrotoxicosis
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Where does thyrotoxicosis not associated with hyperthyrodism occur in?
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subacute thyroiditis AND chronic thyroiditis with transient thyrotoxicosis (inflammation leads to a release of thyroid hormone stores….which get depleted); As well as exogenous source of thyroid hormone
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What will the levels of T3/T4 and TSH be in hyperthyroidism?
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Elevated T3/T4 and Suppressed TSH
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What are the three major manifestations of Graves disease?
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hyperthyroidism, diffuse goiter, and opthalmopathy
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What sex does Graves disease occur most commonly in?
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Women
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What is the central cause of Graves with respect to the goiter and hyperthyroidism?
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Thyroid specific T-lymphocytes activate B-lymphocytes to secrete autoantibodies of TSH receptors….which activate the follicular cells to secrete thyroxine
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What occurs to the thyroid gland in Graves disease?
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diffusely enlarged (hypertrophy and hyperplasia)
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