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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is blood supplied to the hypothalamohypophyseal complex?
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superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries (branches of the internal carotid)
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How are inhibitory and stimulatroy signals carried from the hypothalamus?
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arteries in the hypothalamus supply blood to the primary capillary plexus in the infundibulum then on to portal vein system.
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Which 2 hormones are under the influence of inhibitory hormones from the hypothalamus?
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Growth hormone and prolactin
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What are the staining properties of basophils and acidophils?
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With H&E stain, both have blue nuclei. Basophils have blue/purple cytoplasm and acidophils have pink cytoplasm.
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Collections of neurosecretory bodies(ADH or oxytocin) in the pars nervosa?
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Herring bodies. If you see these you know you're looking at the pars nervosa.
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What are the staining properties of chromophobes?
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Their cytoplasm doesn't really stain, looks whiteish (with lead hematoxylin)
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What are the parenchymal cells of the anterior pituitary that for the framework and hold eveything together?
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Folliculostellate cells (non-secretory)
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What are chromophils?
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They are secretory cells that store the secretions in granules. These granules pick up stain depending on what they contain
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What do acidophils secrete?
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They either produce prolactin or growth hormone (can't secrete both)
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What do basophils secrete?
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ACTH, LH, FSH, or TSH (individual cells can only produce one of these)
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What are chromophobes and what is their function?
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Two theories
1) cells caught after they have secreted product 2)stem cells capable of becoming any chromophil |
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What is the main component of colloid in the thyroid follicles?
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Thyroglobulin, it is a precursor for the thyroid hormones and is a stored in times of iodine abundance.
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What are the follicular cells and what do they do?
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Thyroid epithelial cells that produce T3 and T4.
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What are parafollicular cells and what do they do?
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They produce calcitonin and aren't technically part of the thyroid. They originate in the ulitmobranchial body of the 4th arch and incorporate into the thyroid.
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What are the 2 kinds of cells of the parathyroid glands?
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Chief cells that produce PTH and stain blue, and oxyphil cells that stain red (don't know what they do)
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What are APUD cells?
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cells of diffuse endocrine system spread throughout the body that only act locally
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Where are APUD cells located?
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Lung (bronchial constriction), heart (act on heart and kidney), thyroid (calcitonin) and gut
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How do APUD cells secrete their products?
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They secrete through the basement membrane and into the CT underneath
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