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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three components of CT?
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Cells, fibers, and ground substance (fluid part)
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What is the only non-sulfated GAG?
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Hyaluronic acid (it is also massive, much > M.W. than other GAG's).
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What is the function of GAG's, particularly hyaluronic acid?
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Control the water of hydration in the estracellular matrix and binds proteoglycans.
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What are adhesive glycoproteins and what do they do?
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Integrins, fibronectin, laminin...they bind together fibrous components of the ECM to the cells.
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What are the 3 types of fibers in CT and what are their staining properties?
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Collagen (pale pink with H&E), reticular (stain black with silver salts) and elastic (stain purple/blue with iron hematoxylin)
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What type of collagen are reticular fibers.
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Type III collagen
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Structure of tropocollagen
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3 polypeptide chains (alpha chains) in a triple helix with every third AA glycine
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What are the types and locations of collagen?
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Type I (90% of total collagen) is in ligaments/tendons. II is in cartilage, III is reticular, IV is in basal lamina, and V is associated with type I in tendons/ligaments.
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Synthesis and formation of tropocollagen
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Procollagen formed inside cell, then secreted and ends cleaved by procollagen peptidase to form tropocollagen (outside of cell)
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What are elastic fibers composed of and where do you find them?
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They are made of amorphous elastin core surrounded by sheath of microfibrils. Often form sheets and can stretch up to 150%
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How is elastin made?
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Microfibrils are elaborated first and then elastin is deposited into the space surrounded by the microfibrils.
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Are there elastic fibers in the lamina propria of the gingiva, PDL, or pulp?
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No there are variants called oxytalan and eluanin found there, but they stain like elastin fibers.
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What are the 2 components of the basement membrane and how are they made?
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The basal lamina is elaborated by epithelial cells and the lamina reticularis is elaborated by CT cells
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What are the 2 parts of the basal lamina?
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Lamina lucida (electron lucent) just beneath epithelium and lamina densa (electron dense) with typeIV collagen. Basal lamina prevents epithelium from becoming invasive
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What do integrins do?
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They are often called transmembrane linkers because they link the cytoskeleton to the ECM
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What are the 2 groups of CT cells?
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FIxed or resident cells (mostly fibroblast cells) and transient cells that circulate in the blood (blood cells)
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What are the 2 types of fat cells?
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Unilocular that have one large lipid droplet of white fat, and multilocular that have multiple small lipid droplets of brown fat
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