Sex Sessions 16-18

Front 1

when is pregnancy established ?

Back 1

pregnancy is established when the conceptus implants into the uterine wall and secretes hCG

Front 2

hCG/human chrionic gonadotropin
and what does it mean?

Back 2

gonadotropin secreted by the conceptus and placenta; its presence in a woman's blood or urine is a sign of pregnancy

Front 3

list some signs of pregnancy

Back 3

missed periods, breast tenderness, fatigue, morning sickness, and maintaining a higher temperature instead of it falling at the luteal phase

Front 4

name the 3 types of pregnancy tests

Back 4

1) radiommunoassay
2) usual lab tests
3) home pregnancy kit

Front 5

how does radiommunoassay work

Back 5

it is a technique for measuring low concentrations of a compound by determining its ability to compete with a radioactively labeled version of the same compound for binding to an antibody. it can detect hCG almost immediately after implantation.
very pricey.

Front 6

how do usual lab test for pregnancy work?

Back 6

they use enzyme linked antibodies. 98% detection rate at time of missed period.

Front 7

how do home pregnancy tests work?

Back 7

also use enzyme linked antibodies, like the usual lab tests. they have a high rate of false positives.

Front 8

ultrasound

Back 8

imagining procedure that depends on the reflection of ultra sonic waves from density boundaries within the body. it can give definitive pregnancy confirmation at 5-6 weeks.

Front 9

typic healthy young couple fucking unprotected regularly has __% chance of conceiving in first mos.

Back 9

70

Front 10

subfertility

Back 10

difficulty establishing pregnancy after 12 mos. of unprotected sex. w/0 pregnancy, couple is subfertile

Front 11

____ of coitus is the most important variable for getting pregnant.

Back 11

timing

Front 12

how long is the ovum viable for becoming a conceptus?

Back 12

about 24 hours

Front 13

there is a __% success rate of pregnancy on the day of ovulation.

Back 13

33

Front 14

T or F
Pregnancy can also result from coitus up to 6 days prior to ovulation b/c sperm can live in the F reproductive track

Back 14

F, only 5 days

Front 15

list 4 ways to track your ovulation time:

Back 15

1) total cycle length-14 days
2) bbt-basal body temp.
3) consistency of cervical mucus
4) leutenizing hormone

Front 16

basal body temp and how to track it/what its variances mean

Back 16

basal body temp--body temp measured in morning before getting out of bed--woman's BBT is low during follicular phase, dips for ovulation, then rises for the luteal phase. So she has to track for several cycles to know exactly when to fuck. the temp. peaking for the luteal phase is the most apparent change, but that is once the ovum is not legit.

Front 17

total cycle length - ___ days= interval from beginning of menstruation to next ovulation

Back 17

14

Front 18

how can the consistency of the cervical mucus tell you when to fuck?
and define cervical mucus.

Back 18

cervical mucus--mucus secreted by glands in cervix whose consistency varies around the menstrual cycle.--when it is slippery and clear, for about 2 days, it is the best time for conceiving coitus

Front 19

lutenizing hormones and their relationship to pregnancy

Back 19

lutenizing hormone--1 of 2 major gonadotropins, secreted by the pituaitary gland, LH regulates the fucntion of the gonads in both sexes--it surges 36 hours prior to ovulation. there are home test kits to detect LH that allow for 90% correct ovulation detection/LH relationship.

Front 20

list some ways to facilitate pregnancy w/o worrying about timing.

Back 20

24-48 hours btwn man's ejaculations, man on top position, not douching before sex, and woman laying on her back with knees raised for 1/2 hour after coitus. all improve chances of conception.

Front 21

infertility

Back 21

total inability to achieve prgnancy

Front 22

__% of couples seek medical help with concpetion

Back 22

15

Front 23

most common group of conditions affecting fertility concern is ______________________________

Back 23

insufficient/low quality sperm

Front 24

T or F
women are more likely to be the cause of infertility

Back 24

F, men and women are equally likely to be the cause of infertility

Front 25

what is the most common test done on sperm and what is the best indicator of fertility?

Back 25

most common and easiest is sperm counts, but sperm morphology is the best indicator of infertility

Front 26

3 sperm qualities assoc. with fertility:

Back 26

morphology, motility, and sperm count

Front 27

what can cause permanent infertility in men?

Back 27

undescended testicles, sex chromosome anomalies, infections, chemotherapy

Front 28

environmental toxins ___ sperm counts temporarily

Back 28

lowers

Front 29

artificial insemination

Back 29

assisted reproduction technique in which man stores sperm over several ejaculations which are frozen then all are inserted into vag at once

Front 30

AIH

Back 30

artifical insemination by the husband

Front 31

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

Back 31

in petri dish--any of a variety of assisted reproduction techniques in which fertilization takes place outside the body

Front 32

what is the standard IVF procedure?

Back 32

when a batch of follicles is mature, up to 24 oocytes are harvested and inseminated with sperm in petri dish, incubated, and re-implanted in uterus

Front 33

T or F
sperm counts are significantly declining due to pesticides

Back 33

T

Front 34

zonal drilling

Back 34

hole drilled through the zona pellucida of an ovum to facilitate ferilization

Front 35

subzonal insemination

Back 35

sperm are injected into the space btwn zona pellucida and plasma membrane of an ovum to facilitate fertilization

Front 36

ICSI or intra cytoplasmic sperm injection

Back 36

an assisted reproduction technique in which a single sperm is injected into the cytoplasm of an ovum. very successful and wide spread

Front 37

preimplantation genetic screening

Back 37

testing of IVF embryos for genetic defects prior to implantation

Front 38

generally _ (number) embroys are inserted at once

Back 38

4

Front 39

_/_ (fraction) of IVF attempts fail

Back 39

2/3

Front 40

what happens to surplus embryos ?

Back 40

they are frozen and can be used later on or for stem cell research

Front 41

embryonic stem cell

Back 41

a pluripotent cell found in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst

Front 42

gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)

Back 42

assited reproduction technique (ART) in which oocytes and sperm are placed together in a woman's oviducts without prior in vitro fertilization

Front 43

risk of ART babies:

Back 43

2-3x more likelyto be premature, have low birth weights, and infant mortality

Front 44

artifical insemination-AID-

Back 44

sperm from 3rd party are placedi n a woman's vag

Front 45

second most common group of conditions affection fertility is __________________

Back 45

abnormalities of the F reproductive tract

Front 46

pelvic inflamatory disease

Back 46

an infection of the F reproductive tract, often caused by sexually transmitted organisms. interferes with fertilization

Front 47

endometriosis and how does it affect fertility/how can someone with it have babies

Back 47

growth of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations. IVF can place embryos directly into uterus, avoiding the oviducts

Front 48

primary amenorrhea

Back 48

failure to commence menstruation at puberty

Front 49

secondary amenorrhea

Back 49

absence of menstruation in a woman who previously did normally

Front 50

clomiphene

Back 50

an estrogen receptor antagonist used to treat infertility caused by failure to ovulate

Front 51

tamoxifen

Back 51

used to treat women with infertility caused by failure to ovulate

Front 52

oocyte donors can be used through ____

Back 52

IVF

Front 53

gestational surrogacy

Back 53

assisted reproduction techniuqe in which a surrogate mother is implanted with another woman's oocytes

Front 54

what is downs caused by?

Back 54

an absence of chromosome 21

Front 55

chances of downs is more likely to occur with older _____ (mom/dad)

Back 55

mom

Front 56

_____ (maternal/paternal) age increases risk of dwarfism, prostate cancer, schitzo. but still these are unlikely.

Back 56

paternal

Front 57

climacteric

Back 57

transition to infertility for women which lasts to up to 10 ten years and climaxes with menopause

Front 58

__% of all human embryos are genetically abnormal and don't end in successful child. majority of these are lost in development

Back 58

50

Front 59

Rh (rhesus factor)

Back 59

an antigen on the surface of red blood cells that when present in a fetus but not in the mother may trigger an immune response by the mother resulting in fetal erythroblastosis (anemia)

Front 60

ectopci pregnancy

Back 60

implantation and pregnancy of any site other than uterus. cannot survive.

Front 61

covade

Back 61

pregnancy like symptoms in male partners of pregnant women

Front 62

adolescence

Back 62

vaguely delineated period of psychosexual and social maturation that accompanies and follows puberty.

Front 63

sexual activities start earlier among children of ___________ and later among _____ or ___________ youths

Back 63

lower socioeconomic levels
religious or high intelligence

Front 64

serial monogamy

Back 64

engagement in series of monogamous relationships

Front 65

list some factors that have greatly increased and diversified sexual activities in youth

Back 65

feminism
intro of birth control
legalization of abortion
effective treatments for some STDs
change of social norms

Front 66

list some factors that limit the trend of promiscuity

Back 66

Christian abstinence groups, pregnancy, and STDs

Front 67

teen pregnancy rates have been steadily ______ (increasing or decreasing) over the past 15 years

Back 67

decreasing

Front 68

T or F
companionate marriage makes the availability of a divorce a necessity. it goes from a status symbol to a contractual agreement

Back 68

T

Front 69

prenuptial agreements

Back 69

contract signed before marriage spelling out the disproportion of wealth in the event of a divorce

Front 70

postnuptial agreement

Back 70

financial agreement made btwn spouses about distribution of wealth in event of a divorce

Front 71

covenant marriage

Back 71

marriage that requires stronger vow of commitment and makes a divorce harder to obtain

Front 72

palimony

Back 72

colloquial term for $ compensation to one parner of a terminated cohabitation

Front 73

mut'a or siqeh

Back 73

temporary marriage for shi'ite muslims

Front 74

cohabitiation implies _____ (existence or lack) of financial obligations upon break up

Back 74

existence

Front 75

married women have less sex, fewer orgasms, and fewer adventuresome experiences and are ____ (more, less, or equally) emotionally and physically satisfied

Back 75

more

Front 76

btwn ages of 45 and 59 men become ____ emotionally satisfied with partners and women _____ satisfied

Back 76

more
less

Front 77

__% percent of marriages end in divorce

Back 77

45

Front 78

T or F
early years of marriage are more likely to have break ups

Back 78

T

Front 79

T or F
marrying at an older age makes marriage more likely to result in divorce

Back 79

F

Front 80

Asian American couples are the _____ (most or least) likely to divorce

Back 80

least

Front 81

African American couples are ____ (most likely to divorce or equal with other ethnicities excluding asians)

Back 81

most

Front 82

college edu. ____ (increases or decreases) marital stability

Back 82

increases

Front 83

partners having a different race or religion or a significant age difference greatly ____ (increases or decreases) chance of break up

Back 83

increases

Front 84

virgins upon marriage have ____ (shorter or longer) marriages

Back 84

longer

Front 85

climacteric

Back 85

transition to infertility at the end of a woman's reproductive life which constitutes several years culminating in menopaus

Front 86

list some of menopause's sexual effects

Back 86

thinning of vaginal walls, causing dyspareunia
vaginitus (inflammation of vagina)
reduction of breast size
reduction of lubrication
decrease of sexual desire

Front 87

dyspareunia

Back 87

painful coitus

Front 88

nonsexual effects of menopause

Back 88

hot flashes
night sweats
head aches
heart palpitations
reduction of estrogen levels
osteoporosis
change in blood lipid chemistry

Front 89

MHT menopausal hormone therapy

Back 89

use of hormones to treat symptoms of menopause. use estrogens and progestins

Front 90

postmenopausal hormone therapy and the results

Back 90

hormone treatment extending for a long period after menopause
using only estrogen therapy it protects against osteoporosis and breast cancer but increases risk of stroke and dimensia
when using estrogen and androgen therapy there was protection from osteoporosis but increased risk of cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, and dementia

Front 91

isoflavones

Back 91

estrogen like compounds of plant origins that decrease hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms

Front 92

andropause

Back 92

gradual decline of fertility and sexual interest/capability in men

Front 93

physiological changes in old men

Back 93

slow erection response time to tactile and mental stimulation
erectile dysfunction
less ejaculation in volume and force
refractory period increases
erection more rapidly lost

Front 94

physiological changes in old women

Back 94

smaller vagina with thinner walls
decreased lube
fewer contractions during orgasm
rapid decrease in arousal post-orgasm