Sex And Gender

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Sex

Back 1

The properties of a person that determine his or her classification as male or female

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Sex chromosomes

Back 2

Pair of chromosomes determines a person's genetic sex.

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Gonads

Back 3

Glands that produce sex hormones and generate ova (eggs) in females and sperm in males

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Secondary Sex Characteristics

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Traits that differ between the two sexes but are not part of the reproductive system

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Gender

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The social and psychological aspects of being female or male; gender goes beyond biological sex to include a person's understanding of the meaning to his or her own life of being male or female

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Gender Identity

Back 6

An individual's multifaceted sense of belonging to the male or female sex

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Androgynous

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Having attributes that we typically associate with both genders

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Disorders of Sexual Development

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Congenital conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical, formerly called intersex conditions or hermaphroditism

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Transgender

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Experiencing one's psychological gender as different from one's physical sex, as in the cases of biological males who identify as female, and biological females who identify as male

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Gender Identity Disorder

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Strong, persistent cross sex identification and a continuing discomfort with, or sense of inappropriateness of, one's assigned sex

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Biological Approaches

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Draw links between biological sex and his or her psychological feelings of gender

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Evolutionary Psychology

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Biological differences between sexes through the lens of natural selection and adaptation

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Sexual Selection

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The male and female members of a species differ from each other because of differences in competition and choice

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Social Cognitive Approaches

Back 14

How children learn about gender and how they come to occupy a particular gender identity

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Gender Role

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Expectations for how females and males should think, act, and feel

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Gender Stereotypes

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Overly general beliefs and expectations about what women and men are like

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Cognitive Diffences

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Males are better at cognitive skill and females are better at verbal ability`

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Gender Similarities Hypothesis

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Hyde's proposition that men and women are much more similar than they are different

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Aggresion

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Behaviors intended to harm another person

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Overt Aggresion

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Physically or verbally harming another person directly

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Conduct Disorder

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A pattern of offensive behavior that violates the basic rights of other

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Relational Aggression

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Behavior that is meant to harm the social standing of another person

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Sexuality

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The ways people experience and express themselves as sexual beings

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Sexual Orientation

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The direction of an individual's erotic interests

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Heterosexual

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Referring to a sexual orientation in which the individual is generally sexually attracted to members of the opposite sex

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Homosexual

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Referring to a sexual orientation in which the individual is generally sexually attracted to members of the same sex

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Bisexual

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Referring to a sexual orientation in which the individual is sexually attracted to people of both sexes

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Human Sexual Response Pattern

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Masters and Johnson's model of human sexual response, consisting of four phases - excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

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Excitement Phase

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Begins with the process of erotic responsiveness

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Plateau Phase

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Continuation of heightening of the arousal begun in excitement phase

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Resolution Phase

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Blood vessels return to normal state

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Fetish

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An object or activity that arouses sexual interest and desire

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Paraphilias

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Sexual disorders that feature recurrent, sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors involving nonhuman objects; the suffering or humilation of oneself or one's partner, or children or ohter nonconsenting persons

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Pedophilia

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A paraphilia in which an adult or and older adolescent sexually fantasizes about or engages in sexual behavior with individuals who have not reached puberty

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Sexually Transmitted Infection

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An infection that is contracted primarily through sexual activity - vaginal intercourse as well as oral and anal sex

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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

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An STI caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, that destroys the body's immune system