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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 10 pain classifications?
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1. acute
2. chronic 3. somatic 4. visceral 5. superficial 6. vascular 7. phantom 8. neurological 9. cancer 10. referred |
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What is referred pain?
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It is pain at a distance from the origin of pain.
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What are A nerve fibers described as?
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Sharp & well-localized.
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What are the 2 natural pain body-killers?
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enkephalins & endorphins
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C nerve fibers are sharp & well-localized. TRUE or FALSE
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False. They are dull & non-localized.
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Opening & closing of the gate are by which fibers?
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C fibers open the gate & A fibers close the gate.
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What are the substances that have morphine-like activity?
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opioids
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Opioids exert their actions by interacting with at least 6 receptors in the CNS, which are the 3 major receptor types?
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MU, Kappa, & Delta.
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Which of the 3 major receptor types have a physical dependence effect?
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MU
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What are the 3 drug-receptor interactions?
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Opioid agonist
Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist Opioid antagonist |
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What drug-receptor type binds to a pain receptor & causes only limited actions?
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Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist
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Which of the drug-receptors cause an analgesic response?
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Opioid agonist
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What are the therapeutic effects of Morphine?
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Relief of moderate or severe, acute or chronic pain.
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The oral route of Morphine peaks at?
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60 minutes
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IV route of Morphine peaks at?
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20 minutes
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All opioid drugs have a strong abuse potential. TRUE or FALSE
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True
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What type of dependence is known as addiction?
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psychological dependence
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What are adjuvant analgesics?
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Drugs that are used to enhance analgesia for specific indications.
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What are the 2 primary indications for adjuvant analgesics?
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Pain that is resistant to opioids & neuropathic pain.
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A migraine is an usual type of recurring headache, usually lasting from 4-72 hours.TRUE or FALSE
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False. A migraine is a COMMON type of recurring headache.
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What are the symptoms of a migraine?
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pain, photophobia, phonophobia, aura.
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What percentage do migraines affect the U.S. population?
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12%
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What is the reported incidence of migraines in females than males?
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3 times more
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List the 3 different types of migraines.
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Mild, moderate & severe migraines.
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What are the 2 major drug classes used to terminate migraines?
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Triptans & ergot alkaloids
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If the incidence of migraines is high and the pt is unresponsive to triptans or ergot alkaloids, then what can they use?
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Beta-adrenergic blocker, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants, & antiseizure drugs.
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