Set 2

Front 1

energy

Back 1

a property of a system; a measure of the capacity to do work; measured in joules

Front 2

energy level

Back 2

the energy of a particle, such as an electron, in a system

Front 3

enzyme

Back 3

proteins produced in living cells that act as catalysts in the metabolic processes of an organism

Front 4

evolution

Back 4

process by which organisms change over long periods of time through genetic variation and natural selection

Front 5

exergonic reaction

Back 5

a chemical reaction in which energy is released

Front 6

experiment

Back 6

test or procedure done under controlled conditions to determine the validity of a hypothesis

Front 7

fatty acid

Back 7

organic compound consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group

Front 8

free energy

Back 8

a measure of ability of a system to do useful work

Front 9

functional group

Back 9

group of atoms in a compound that is responsible for the characteristic reactions of the type of compound

Front 10

gene

Back 10

a segment of DNA, occupying a specific place on a chromosome, that is the basic unit of heredity

Front 11

heterotroph

Back 11

organism that cannot manufacture its own food, obtaining it from the consumption of other organisms

Front 12

homeostasis

Back 12

regulation of internal chemical processes to maintain health and function regardless of outside conditions

Front 13

hydrogen bond

Back 13

intermolecular bond between molecules in which hydrogen is bound to a strongly electronegative element

Front 14

hydrolysis

Back 14

the splitting of a chemical compound into two or more new compounds by reacting with water

Front 15

hydronium ion

Back 15

hydrated hydrogen ions with the formula H3O+

Front 16

hydrophilic

Back 16

having an affinity for water, "water loving"

Front 17

hydrophobic

Back 17

lacking an affinity for water, "water fearing"

Front 18

hypothesis

Back 18

a statement that explains a set of facts and can be tested to determine if it is true or inaccurate

Front 19

independent variable

Back 19

in an experiment, the variable that is manipulated to determine the value of another variable

Front 20

inference

Back 20

the act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true

Front 21

ion

Back 21

atom or molecule that has a negative or positive charge as a result of losing or gaining one or more electrons

Front 22

ionic bond

Back 22

form when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom

Front 23

isomer

Back 23

compounds composed of the same chemical elements in the same proportions but different arrangement of atoms

Front 24

lipid

Back 24

organic compounds composed of fats and fatty compounds that are oily to the touch and insoluble in water

Front 25

macromolecule

Back 25

large molecule consisting of many smaller molecules linked together

Front 26

mass

Back 26

a measure of the quantity of matter in an object

Front 27

matter

Back 27

something that occupies space, has mass, and can exist ordinarily as a solid, liquid, or gas

Front 28

metabolism

Back 28

the sum of chemical processes by which cells produce the substances and energy needed to sustain life

Front 29

model

Back 29

description or concept of a system or set of observable events that accounts for all its known properties

Front 30

molecule

Back 30

a group of two or more atoms linked together by sharing electrons in a chemical bond

Front 31

monomer

Back 31

a molecule or compound that consists of a single unit and can join with others in forming polymers

Front 32

monosaccharide

Back 32

simple carbohydrates that cannot be broken down to simpler sugars by hydrolysis

Front 33

multicellular organism

Back 33

having or consisting of many cells

Front 34

natural selection

Back 34

principle that only organisms best suited to their environment survive to pass on their genetics to offspring

Front 35

neutron

Back 35

electrically neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom with a mass equivalent to a proton

Front 36

nucleic acid

Back 36

complex organic compound in living cells consisting of a nucleotide chain, used to store genetic information

Front 37

nucleotide

Back 37

an organic compound consisting of a nitrogen-containing base linked to a sugar and a phosphate group

Front 38

nucleus

Back 38

structure in cytoplasm of a living cell that contains DNA and contains metabolism, growth, and reproduction

Front 39

observation

Back 39

act of perceiving and recording something with instruments

Front 40

organic compound

Back 40

relating to chemical compounds containing carbon, especially hydrocarbons