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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acid |
any class of compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water |
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activation energy |
the least amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur |
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ATP |
source of energy for many metabolic processes; releases energy when bonds between phosphates are broken |
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adhesion |
the molecular force that attracts or blinds dissimilar substances
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alcohol |
colorless, flammable organic compounds that contain the hydroxyl group (OH) |
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alkaline |
capable of neutralizing an acid; basic |
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amino acid |
compounds that are found in living cells, contain C, O, H, and N, join together to form proteins |
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aqueous solution |
relating to or dissolved in water
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asexual reproduction |
reproduction in which offspring are produced by a single parent, without the union of reproductive cells |
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atom |
the smallest unit of an element that cannot be chemically decomposed into more simple substances |
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atomic number |
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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autotroph |
an organism capable of producing food from inorganic substances |
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base |
a compound that releases hydroxyl ions, OH-, in aqueous solution |
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biology |
the scientific study of life and of living organisms |
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bond |
a force of attraction that holds atoms or ions together in a molecule or crystal |
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buffer |
a solution in which the pH remains reasonably constant when acids or alkalis are added to it |
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capillarity |
a liquid's molecules adhere to a solid surface and also to each other, so each molecule pulls the next one along |
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carbohydrate |
organic compounds consisting of C, H, and O; serve as a major energy source in animals |
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catalyst |
a substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed chemically in the reaction |
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cell division |
the formation of two or more daughter cells from a single mother cell; mitosis and meiosis |
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chemical reaction |
a process in which one or more elements or chemical compounds react to produce a different substance(s) |
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cohesion |
the force of attraction between two like molecules |
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compound |
substance consisting of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds into a molecule |
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concentration |
amount of substance per unit volume or mass in a solution |
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condensation reaction |
reaction in which addition of two molecules occurs followed by elimination of a smaller molecule, usually water |
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control group |
the part of an experiment that acts as a standard by which to compare experimental observations |
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covalent bond |
bond formed by the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms |
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data |
information, especially when it is to be analyzed or used as the basis for a decision |
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deoxyribonucleic acid |
the genetic material which determines the makeup of all living cells and many viruses |
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dependent variable |
in an experiment, the variable that is changed as a result of the manipulation of another variable |
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development |
the complex process of growth and maturation that occurs in living organisms |
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differentiation |
the process by which cells in living organisms change in order to serve a specific function |
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dipeptide |
a formation from two amino acids bonded together by means of a condensation reaction |
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disaccharide |
a sugar consisting of two linked monosaccharide molecules |
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dissociation |
the separation of a substance into two or more simpler substances by the action of heat or a chemical process |
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ecology |
the scientific study of the relationships between living things and their environment |
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ecosystem |
a biological community and the physical environment associated with it |
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electron |
an elementary particle of negative charge |
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element |
substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means |
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endergonic reaction |
a chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed |
