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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diphyllobothrium
Taenia Echinococcus Hymenolepsis These are all what? |
Tapeworms (Cestodes)
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Dorsoventrally flattened
Segmented (proglottids) Scolex: attachment/locomotor organ No digestive system Monoecious |
Tapeworms (Cestodes)
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What is the tapeworm lifecycle?
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Definitive host (adult worm)
Intermediate host eats egg or larva Intermediate host (metacestode) Definitive host eats metacestode |
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Plerocercoid
Cystercercoid Hydatid cyst Coenurus Cysticercus These are all what? All intestinal tapeworm treatments? |
Metacestodes (larva)
Tx: Praziquantel (DOC)* |
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Adult - up to 30ft
Scolex (2 bothria) |
Diphyllobothrium latum
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Life cycle:
Infective stage - plerocercoid (fresh water fishes) Adult - small intestine |
Diphyllobothrium latum
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Pt comes in with mild intestinal distress, tapeworm pernicious anemia (vit.B12), possibly asymptomatic for 20yr. They have what? What did they eat?
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Diphyllobothrium latum
Raw freshwater fish (Salmon, Trout) |
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How do you ID and treat Diphyllobothrium latum?
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Dx: Egg & proglottid (feces)
-egg: Anopercular knob or boss -Fecal concentration DOC: Praziquantel or niclosamide -Alternative - quinacrine |
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Adult - unarmed scolex
Infective stage - cysticercus Pathogenicity - intestinal distress Tx: praziquantel Control - cook/frozen beef |
Taeniasis Saginata (Beef Tapeworm)
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Taeniasis Saginata (Beef Tapeworm) Life Cycle?
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Human (ribbon stage)
Egg (feces)--> cow eats feces Cow (Cysticercus) Human eats beef |
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Adult - Armed Scolex
Infective stage - cystercus & egg Path: intestinal distress & neurocysticercosis Cysticercosis - XR, MRI, CT Tx: Praziquantel |
Taeniasis Solium & Cysticercosis
(Pork tapeworm) Person to Person: or self reinfection |
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Adult: small w/ armed scolex
Infective stage –egg Path: liver & lungs (common sites) Intermediate hosts:sheep & humans Definitive host: dog Diagnostic stage: protoscolices (cyst) Therapy: Sx & *Albendazole |
Unilocular Hydatid Disease
Echinococcus granulosus |
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Humans (eggs)
*1 site of infection is Liver Ribbon stage: small intestine of dog Cyst in liver and lung |
Unilocular Hydatid Disease
Echinococcus granulosus |
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Adult –small w/ armed scolex
Infective stage –egg Pathogenicity –cyst metastasis (exogenous budding) Intermediate hosts –rodents & humans Definitive host –foxes, dog, & cat Diagnostic stage –protoscolices (cyst) •Therapy –surgery & albendazole |
Multilocular Hydatid Disease
Echinococcus multilocularis |
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Direct life cycle - egg
Infects small intestine Mild intestinal distress Tx: Praziquantel |
Hymenolepsiasis nana
(Dwarf tapeworm) Mouse reservoir |
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Life cycle:
Mouse -->egg (feces) -->Mouse/humans eats feces (ribbon stage) --> cysticercoid (villus)--> mouse |
Hymenolepsiasis nana
(Dwarf tapeworm) (Mouse reservoir) |
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Adult –unarmed scolex
Infective stage –cysticercoid Pathogenicity: mild intestinal distress Intermediate hosts: fleas & beetles Definitive host: rats & humans Dx: Egg (feces) Tx: Praziquantel |
Hymenolepiasis diminuta
(Rat tapeworm) |
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Life cycle:
Rat (ribbon stage) --> egg (feces) Beetle eats droppings--> cysticercoid Rat eats beetle |
Hymenolepiasis diminuta
(Rat tapeworm) |
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Adult: armed scolex & 2 atria/segment
Infective stage: cysticercoid Path: mild intestinal distress Intermediate hosts: fleas Definitive hosts: dog, cat, & humans Dx: egg capsule (feces) Tx: Praziquantel |
Dipylidium caninum
(Double-Pored Dog Tapeworm) |
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Dog (ribbon stage) --> egg (feces) --> flea eats feces (cysticercoid) --> dog eats flea
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Dipylidium caninum
(Double-Pored Dog Tapeworm) |
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A person from Finland complains of nausea. CBC reveals a megaloblastic anemia and a vitamin B12 deficiency are noted. The disease most consistent w/ these manifestations is:
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Diphyllobothriasis
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A baseball-size cyst is surgically removed from the liver of a sheepherder who resides in Utah. The microscopic view of the contents of the cyst is shown. What is the diagnosis?
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Hydatid disease
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The hydatid cyst most often develops in the:
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Liver
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Which of the following modes of transmission relates to cysticercosis?
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Ingestion of T solium eggs
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What is the parasitic infective stage & the vehicle for transmission of taeniasis saginata?
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Cysticercus—raw beef
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