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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Location of the heart |
Located between the second rib and fifth intercostal space. In the thoracic cavity |
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3 layers of the heart |
Endocardium, myocardium and epicardium |
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Pericardium |
Sac of fluid that lubricates the heart every beat. Usually 10-30ml. |
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The 3 layers of the pericardium |
Epicardium, parietal pericardium and fibrous pericardium. |
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Endocardium |
The inside layer of the heart. |
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Myocardium |
Middle layer of the heart. The muscle. |
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Epicardium |
Outter layer of the heart |
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Septum |
Separates left and right sides of the heart |
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The right side of the heart. |
Contains de-oxygenated blood from the body and the head. Systemic |
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Left side of the heart |
Receives oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs. Pulmonary |
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What are the top 2 chambers of the heart? |
The left and right atriums. |
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What are the bottom two chambers of the heart. |
The left and right ventricles. These are larger than the top chambers. |
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The exception of the veins... |
Veins always contain de-oxygenated blood except for the pulmonary veins. |
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Great vessels |
Venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins and the aorta. |
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Papillary muscled |
Little muscles on the inside wall of the heart that have strings attatched to the atria. When they contract the valves open allowing more blood to flow. |
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What are the two types of circulation |
Pulmonary and systemic. |
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What are the only veins to contain oxygenated blood |
Pulmonary veins |
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What is the difference between the pulmonary veins and arteries? |
The veins carry blood to the heart and the arteries carry away from the heart |
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What is the difference between the pulmonary veins and arteries? |
The veins carry blood to the heart and the arteries carry away from the heart |
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The 3 aortic positions |
Ascending aorta (to the heart) Aortic arch. Descending aorta (away from the heart) |
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What is a shunt |
A disruption in the normal blood flow |
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What is a shunt |
A disruption in the normal blood flow |
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What is a bypass |
Taking veins from other parts of the body inverting them and placing them in the heart |
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What is a shunt |
A disruption in the normal blood flow |
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What is a bypass |
Taking veins from other parts of the body inverting them and placing them in the heart |
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What is a stent |
A little balloon inserted inside the heart to keep the valve open to produce bloodflow |
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What is a shunt |
A disruption in the normal blood flow |
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What is a bypass |
Taking veins from other parts of the body inverting them and placing them in the heart |
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What is a stent |
A little balloon inserted inside the heart to keep the valve open to produce bloodflow |
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Ischaemia |
Diminished bloodflow and lack of oxygen in the blood |
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What is a shunt |
A disruption in the normal blood flow |
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What is a bypass |
Taking veins from other parts of the body inverting them and placing them in the heart |
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What is a stent |
A little balloon inserted inside the heart to keep the valve open to produce bloodflow |
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Ischaemia |
Diminished bloodflow and lack of oxygen in the blood |
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Angina |
I chest pain due to reduced blood to the myocardium prior to heart attack |
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Myocardio infarction |
A heart attack |
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What is the SA node |
The Sino atrial node is the pacemaker of the heart set the beats per minute |
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What is the SA node |
The Sino atrial node is the pacemaker of the heart set the beats per minute |
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What is that AV node |
The atria ventricular node is where all the cables meet |
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The bundle of his |
Transmits impulses from the AV node to the ventricles of the heart |
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Purkinje fibres |
Send out the electrical signals and causes the contractions of the atria and ventricles |
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Purkinje fibres |
Send out the electrical signals and causes the contractions of the atria and ventricles |
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What are bundle branches |
Transmit cardiac action potentials from the bundle of his to the Purkinje fibres |
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The cardiac conduction system |
The SA node originates cardiac impulse, cardiac impulse spreads to AV node (left atrium), The atria contracts, The AV node slows cardiac impulse and sends to bundle of his, bundle of his sends cardiac impulses to the purkinje fibres throughout the ventricles and the ventricles contract. |
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Dysrhythmic |
When the heart rhythm is disturbed |
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What is the P-wave on the electro cardiogram |
Depolarising in atria |
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What is the P-wave on the electro cardiogram |
Depolarising in atria |
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What is the QRS complex in an electrocardiogram |
The impulse Depolarising in ventricles making ventricles contract |
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What is the P-wave on the electro cardiogram |
Depolarising in atria |
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What is the QRS complex in an electrocardiogram |
The impulse Depolarising in ventricles making ventricles contract |
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What is that T-wave impulse in an electrocardiogram |
The impulse re-polarising. the heart at rest |
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What is a sinus rhythm |
A good rhythm |
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Sympathetic |
Increases the heart rate |
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Sympathetic |
Increases the heart rate |
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Parasympathetic |
Slows down the heart rate |
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What is cardiac output |
The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute |
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What is heart rate |
The number of times the heartbeat each minute cause by SA node firing |
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What is heart rate |
The number of times the heartbeat each minute cause by SA node firing |
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What is stroke volume |
The amount of blood pumped by the ventricle per beat |
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What is heart rate |
The number of times the heartbeat each minute cause by SA node firing |
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What is stroke volume |
The amount of blood pumped by the ventricle per beat |
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What is the intotropic affect |
The change in the Myocardial contraction not caused by stretch |
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Signs of heart failure of the left side |
Poor left ventricular function, fluid backs up into the lungs, decreased bloodflow to systematic circulation. |
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Signs of heart failure of the left side |
Poor left ventricular function, fluid backs up into the lungs, decreased bloodflow to systematic circulation. |
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Signs of the right side heart Failure |
Blood backs up into veins that drain blood to the right side of the heart |
