Sept. 24 Biology Vocab Unit 2

Front 1

nucleus

Back 1

membraneous organelle that houses chromosomes' DNA

Hint 1

storage

Front 2

eukaryote

Back 2

an organism whose cells have a membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles; a protist, fungus, plant or animal

Hint 2

nucleus

Front 3

osmosis

Back 3

the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Hint 3

water

Front 4

cell theory

Back 4

the theory that organisms are composed of cells and their products and that these cells are all derived from pre-existing cells

Hint 4

cycle

Front 5

cilia

Back 5

short hairlike cell appendages specialized for locomotion and formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner microtubules

Hint 5

hairy

Front 6

active transport

Back 6

movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration gradient w/ the help of energy input and specific transport proteins

Hint 6

movement

Front 7

nuclear envelope

Back 7

the membrane in eukaryotes that encloses the genetic material, separating it from the cytoplasm

Hint 7

DNA parcel

Front 8

cytoskeleton

Back 8

network of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments that run throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical and transport functions

Hint 8

network

Front 9

plasma membrane

Back 9

membrane at the boundary of every cell that seves as a selective barrier to the passage of ions and molecules

Hint 9

boundary

Front 10

prokaryote

Back 10

the kingdom of bacteria whose cells do not have membrane-enclosed organelles, such as nuclei, mitochondria & chloroplasts

Hint 10

organelles-covering

Front 11

diffusion

Back 11

movement of a substance down its construction gradient from a more concentration area to a less concentrated area

Hint 11

movement

Front 12

cell

Back 12

organism made of tiny highly active units

Hint 12

units

Front 13

nucleolus

Back 13

spherical body in the nucleus of most plant and animal cells, comprising of of protein and nucleotides and concerned w/ the production of proteins

Hint 13

proteins

Front 14

cell wall

Back 14

nonliving covering around the plasma membrane of certain cells, as in plants, many algae, some prokaryotes, in plants the cell wall is constructed of cellulose and other materials

Hint 14

covers

Front 15

passive transport

Back 15

diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane through a transport protein in the membrane

Hint 15

diffusion of...

Front 16

flagella

Back 16

the long cellular appendages specialized for locomotion and formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two single inner microtubules; many protists and certain animal cells have flagella

Hint 16

wiggly movers

Front 17

chloroplast

Back 17

an organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists; contains chlorophyll that absorbs light energy used to drive photosynthesis

Hint 17

chlorophyll

Front 18

golgi body

Back 18

an organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacked membranes that modify and package materials for export out of the cell

Hint 18

post office

Front 19

organelle

Back 19

organized structure within a cell with a specific function: chlorplast, mitochondrion

Hint 19

function

Front 20

vacuole

Back 20

membrane enclosed structure in the cytoplasm of a unicellular organism

Hint 20

cytoplasm

Front 21

turgor pressure

Back 21

pressure exerted by plant cells against their cell walls whenever the plant is adequately supplied w/ water

Hint 21

swelling of plant cells

Front 22

cytoplasm

Back 22

the entire contents of the cell except for the the nucleus, bounded by the plasma membrane

Hint 22

lots and lots of squishy

Front 23

centrioles

Back 23

one of two structures in animal cells, composed of cylinders of nine triplet microtuble assembly during cell division

Hint 23

assembly

Front 24

cytosol

Back 24

the geletin-like potion of the cytoplasm that bathes the organelles of the cell

Hint 24

jello

Front 25

chromosome

Back 25

long, threadlike group of genes found in the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells and most visible during mitosis and meiosis, chomosomes consist of DNA and proteins

Hint 25

threads of DNA

Front 26

endoplasmic reticulum

Back 26

an extensive membraneous network in eukaryotic cells composed of ribosome studded or ribosome free regions

Hint 26

network

Front 27

lysosome

Back 27

cell vesicle that contains digestive enzymes

Hint 27

enzymes

Front 28

selectively permeable

Back 28

dicerning penetration through cell

Hint 28

gate

Front 29

equilibrium

Back 29

a condition in which all acting influences are cancelled by others resulting in a stable, balanced, or unchanging system

Hint 29

balance

Front 30

mitochondria

Back 30

the cell organelles in eukaryotic cells that carry on cellular respiration, releasing energy from food molecules and storing it in ATP

Hint 30

storage

Front 31

genes

Back 31

fundamental physical units of heredity which transmits a set of specifications from one generation to the next; a segment of DNA that codes for a specific product

Hint 31

information coded in DNA cell units