Sensory Perception

Front 1

Reticular activating system (RAS)

Back 1

Responsible for bringing information together from the CEREBELLUM and other parts of the brain to obtain from sense organs

Front 2

What stimulate RAS?

Back 2

Multiple sensory pathways, including visceral, kinesthetic, and cognitive input

Front 3

Example of RAS

Back 3

Parent awakened in middle of night by slightest murmur of infant but may sleep through loud traffic noises

Front 4

External sensation

Back 4

Visual, auditory, olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste), tactile (touch)

Front 5

Internal sensation

Back 5

Kinesthetic and visceral sense

Front 6

Special senses

Back 6

Vision, hearing, smell, and taste

Front 7

Somatic senses

Back 7

Touch, kinesthetic (or proprioceptive) sensation, and visceral sensation

Front 8

Sensoristasis

Back 8

State of optimum arousal-not too much and not too little

Front 9

Sensory perception

Back 9

Conscious process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory stimuli that requires intact and functioning sense organs, nervous pathways, and the brain

Front 10

Sensory receptors

Back 10

Adapts to repeated stimulation by responding less and less. (Background traffic noise)

Front 11

Two necessary time periods crucial to helping a person deal with new stimuli?

Back 11

Lead time and afterburn

Front 12

Lead time

Back 12

Time each person needs to prepare for event EMOTIONALLY and PHYSICALLY.

Front 13

Afterburn

Back 13

Time needed to think about, evaluate, come to terms with the activity after it happens. (Reflecting)

Front 14

What are the Sensory perception changes that occurs in older adult?

Back 14

Eyesight diminishes, sounds becomes more muffled, and other sensory system deteriorate.

Front 15

What factors affect sensory perception?

Back 15

Environment, previous experience, lifestyle and habit, illness, medication, age, and variation in stimulation

Front 16

How does the environment affect sensory perception?

Back 16

Sensory stimuli affects sensory perception
(ex. Teacher used to school cafeteria noise but not loud tv at home, which is usually quiet)

Front 17

How does previous experience, lifestyle and habits affect sensory perception?

Back 17

Previous experience- people becomes more alert to unfamiliar things and things done routinely they less aware.

Lifestyle and habits- one person enjoy surrounded by people others like to be alone.
-cig. smoking causes atrophy of taste buds
chronic alcohol abuse- peripheral neuropathy causes sensory impairment
Cocaine and amphetamines alter sense of smell

Front 18

How does illness and medication affect sensory perception?

Back 18

ex. Diabetes and hypertension- visual deficit and decreased sensation of touch.
Meds- antibiotics ending in -cin (streptomycin and gentamicin) damages the AUDITORY nerve, IMPAIR HEARING

Front 19

Among older adults, 30% of the 65 to 74 y/o and 50% >75 y/o form?

Back 19

HEARING LOSS, causing DEPRESSION, DECREASE COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING making hearing impairment one of the most chronic ailment.

Front 20

What causes disability in ADL, depression, increased risk of falls in older adult?

Back 20

low vision or blindness

Front 21

When a person feels confused, anxious, and unable to take constructive action, he/she is experiencing?

Back 21

Sensory overload

Front 22

What is sensory deprivation?

Back 22

When a person experiences boredom, depression, restlessness, and vivid sensual imagery, including hallucination.

Front 23

When a person is unable to process or manage intensity or quantity of incoming sensory stimuli, feels out of control?

Back 23

Sensory overload

Front 24

Name three areas involved that may need to prevent sensory overload?

Back 24

Information internal, and environment

Front 25

What Factor that can contribute to anxiety and cognitive overload?

Ex. Thinking about impending surgery, pain, lack of sleep, worry, hypoxemia, electrolyte disturbances

Back 25

Internal factor

Front 26

What can happen in an environment that causes sensory overload?

Back 26

New roommate, unexpected intrusion, bright lights, pt in ICU

Front 27

A lessening or lack of meaningful sensory stimuli , monotonous sensory input, or an interference with the processing of information to slow paced environment, describe someone possibly experiencing?

Back 27

Sensory deprivation

Front 28

When a patient who suffered from spinal cord injury in a car accident, he was left paraplegic. One day, he decided to sneak a cigarette and accidentally dropped the lighted match on his slipper and burned his foot. He is experiencing?

Back 28

Altered sensory reception

Front 29

Sensory impression that are based on internal stimulations, have no basis in reality. In this case a person may hear voices that are not really present, would be an example of a person experiencing?

Back 29

Hallucinations

Front 30

Beliefs not based on reality, reflect an unconscious need or fear (ex. believing hospital food is poisoned) would be an example of a person experiencing?

Back 30

Delusions

Front 31

What is an impaired function in sensory reception or perception?

Back 31

Sensory deficit

Front 32

A sudden loss of sensory perception through sensory deficit can cause?

Back 32

Total disorientation because compensation does not occur immediately

Front 33

What changes patient go through to adapt to adapt to sensory deficit?

Back 33

Turning functional ear to speaker to hear, measure temperature of bath water with thermostat

Front 34

What may result from sensory deficit and sensory perception? (Ex. Helplessness and loss of self esteem)

Back 34

Depression and withdrawal

Front 35

What should you focus when doing a physical assessment?

Back 35

Focus on hearing, vision, taste, touch, smell, somatic sense, and mental status

Front 36

What should you instruct patients with chronic illnesses (hypertension, diabetes) do to promote health?

Back 36

Self-monitoring of blood sugar, compliance of medication, diet control, and medical follow up.

Front 37

What technique is used to prepare patients before procedure to Prevent overstimulation?

Back 37

Sensation (sensory) information (pt POV, describe to pt in serial order)

Front 38

What can a nurse do to reduced sensory deprivation?

Back 38

Provide appropriate stimuli, such as addressing the patient name, introducing and reintroducing yourself, explain all activities, and when leaving, acknowledge when you will return.

Front 39

What things patient can do to overcome sensory deprivation or sensory deficit?

Back 39

Play TV, radio, encourage visitors, encourage use of clock and calendar, open drapes. Etc

Front 40

What should clients with decreased sensation in extremities do to ensure safety?

Back 40

ADJUST water heater to lower temperature, TEST water with thermometer before bathing, INSPECT FEET AND LEGS for injuries and pressure sores they cannot feel.

Front 41

What things nurses can do to clients that experienced sensory deprivation, sensory deficit, and sensory overload?

Back 41

Assist with ambulation, use bed rails, night lights, call system, frequent and continuous observation as necessary.

Front 42

When assisting a visually impaired patient with ambulation, stand on patient's _____ about___in front of them. Have patient grasp your arm with____and use_____to feel around for barriers and landmarks. Always maintain____environment.

Back 42

Non dominated side, 1 foot, non dominated hand, dominated hand, uncluttered

Front 43

Altered sensory reception occurs in?

Back 43

Spinal cord injury, brain damage, sleep deprivation, chronic illness.

Front 44

What behaviors indicate cognitive dysfunction?

Back 44

Disorientation, verbalized disconnected thoughts, sleeplessness, fatigue, inability to think, poor work performance (difficulty concentrating and thinking logically)