Sensory Cards Hearing And Sight

Front 1

Proprioception

Back 1

meaning "one's own" and perception) is the sense of the relative position of neighbouring parts of the body. Unlike the six exteroceptive senses (sight, taste, smell, touch, hearing, and balance) by which we perceive the outside world, and interoceptive senses, by which we perceive the pain and movement of internal organs, proprioception is a third distinct sensory modality that provides feedback solely on the status of the body internally. It is the sense that indicates whether the body is moving with required effort, as well as where the various parts of the body are located in relation to each other.

Front 2

Haemophilus influenzae

Back 2

Most often the cause of Acute Otitis Media

Front 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Back 3

Most often the cause of Acute Otitis Media

Front 4

Proteus Kelebsiella

Back 4

This gram negative bacteria, is most often the cause of CHRONIC Otitis Media.

Front 5

Pseudomonas

Back 5

This gram negative bacteria, is most often the cause of CHRONIC Otitis Media.

Front 6

Allergy, Mycoplasma

Back 6

and viruses also may be causative factors for Otitis Media. Otitis Media is often preceded by an upper respiratory infection.

Front 7

What often predisposes infants to Otitis media infection?

Back 7

The small diameter and horizontal orientation of the eustachian tube.

Front 8

Pneumoncoccal otitis media may spread to where?

Back 8

The meninges

Front 9

Obstruction of the eustachian tube and accumulation of exudate may increase what?

Back 9

Pressure within the middle ear, forcing infection into the mastoid bone or rupturing the tympanic membrane.

Front 10

Name 6 interventions for Otitis media.

Back 10

Antimicrobial therapy, analgesics, local heat, nasal decongestants, needle aspiration of secretions collected behind the membrane, and myringotomy.

Front 11

One method of prophaylaxis against otitis media?

Back 11

Use vaporizors and decongestants during an URI

Front 12

Sx of Labyrinthitis?

Back 12

Vertigo, tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss on the affacted side. Distruction of the cochlea or labyrinth cause permanent deafness.

Front 13

What happens if you end up with Otosclerosis?

Back 13

Most common in women, esp. pregnant women. Most common cause of conductive hearing loss, Fixation of ossicles reduces or prevents sound waves to transmit to the inner ear fluids.

Front 14

What happens if you have Meniere's disease?

Back 14

Tinnitus and vertigo

Front 15

Endolymphatic Hydrops is also known as?

Back 15

Meniere's disease. This is an unilateral fluctuating hearing loss. Sesorineural.

Front 16

How is Menirere's disease treated?

Back 16

antihistamines, antiemetics, benzodiazepines, diuretics, tranquilizers, vasoactive agents, and oral niacin.

Front 17

What are the effects of Macular Degeneration?

Back 17

Deterioration of the maculae of the retina and chorioid of the eye. Retinitis pigmentosa, Loss of CENTRAL VISION related to atrophy or deterioration of the macula. Peripereral vision REMAINS. This is associated with aging.

Front 18

What are the sx of CATARACTs?

Back 18

Loss of transparency. A gray-white opacity can be seen within the lens, behind the pupil.

Front 19

When do Degenerative changes most often occur?

Back 19

After age 50.

Front 20

Is Cataracts inherited?

Back 20

Yes, there is a tendency.

Front 21

A viral infection during the 1st trimester of gestation can cause what with the eyes?

Back 21

Congenital cataracts - usually hereditary may be caused by viral infection during the first trimester of gestation. The soft cataracts of children and young adults may either be incised and drained or fragmented by ultrasound, followed by irrigation and aspiration of the fragments through a minute incision.

Front 22

What is the leading cause of blindness in adults under 40?

Back 22

Retinopathy - noninflammatory eye disorder resulting from changes in the retinal blood vessels, ex due to poorly controlled diabetes.

Front 23

Elevated pressure within the eye is?

Back 23

Glaucoma- an abnormal condition. Usually because of obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor may be acute or chronic (more common).

Front 24

What causes Acute Glaucoma?

Back 24

Pupil in an eye with a narrow angle b/t iris and cornea dialates markedly, causing the folded iris to block the exit of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber.

Front 25

Symtoms of Acute Glaucoma are?

Back 25

Extreme ocular pain, blurred vision, a red eye, and a dilated pupil. N &V may occur.

Front 26

Treatment of Acute Glaucoma is?

Back 26

Eye drops to constrict the pupil and draw the iris away from the cornea. Mannitol, glycerol, acetazolamide, surgical iridectomy (an incision through the cornea to produce a filtraion pathway for aqueous humor.

Front 27

An occular emergency is?

Back 27

Acute angle Closure Glaucoma. Results in rapid visual impairment. Sudden attack of increased intraocular pressure with a bulging iris.

Front 28

Between Acute angle closure glaucoma and Chronic open angle or wide angle glaucoma, which is most common?

Back 28

Chronic open angle or wide angle glaucoma is most common. Often bilateral. Develops slowly and is genetically determined.

Front 29

SX of Chronic open angle or wide angle glaucoma

Back 29

Cupping of the optic discs. HALOS AROUND LIGHTS. central blindness. Elevated intraocular pressure by tonometry. Slow LOSS OF PERIPHERAL VISION.

Front 30

RX for Chronic open angle or wide angle glaucoma

Back 30

miotic eye drops such as pilocarpine, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, epinephrine eye drops, timolol, beta adrenergic blocking agent.

Front 31

What causes Conjunctivitis?

Back 31

bacterial, viral or an allergy, or environmental.

Front 32

DX of Conjunctivitis?

Back 32

microscopic examination or bacteriologic culture of the discharge.

Front 33

Opthalmia neonatorum

Back 33

A frequent cause is a gonococcal infection, which may lead to blindness if untreated. Also called Conjunctivitis.

Front 34

SX of Retinal Detachment are?

Back 34

PainLESS (the retina does not contain sensory nerves that relay sensations of pain). Floaters, Flashing lights, As long as the center of the retina is unaffected, the vision, when looking straight ahead, is normal. When the center is affected, the eyesight is distorted, wavy, and indistinct. Total blindness can occur if the process is not halted.

Front 35

RX of Retinal detachment?

Back 35

Surgical will not spontaneously heal. Use of laser to form scar and close the detached area.

Front 36

Antaligic Gait

Back 36

abnormality in the heel strike through push-off action

Front 37

Lurch

Back 37

Swing phase abnormality

Front 38

What is the 2nd leading cause of death in the elderly?

Back 38

Falls

Front 39

DYSEQUILIBRIUM

Back 39

Unsteadyiness, imbalance, gait disturbance. A feeling primarily involving the trunk and lower extremities rather than the head, that a fall is imminent.

Front 40

The dB range for Moderately severe hearing loss is?

Back 40

56 to 70 dB range

Front 41

The dB range for severely impaired hearing loss is?

Back 41

70 to 90 dB range

Front 42

The dB range for Profoundly deaf is?

Back 42

greater than 91 dB.

Front 43

Define Visual Impairment?

Back 43

decreased acuity, blurred vision, double vision, blind spots, halos, photosensitivity, etc.

Front 44

Neurovascular Deficits is?

Back 44

impaired pain perception and perception of temparature changes in extremities. Paresthesia - burning, prickling, tingling sensation.

Front 45

What is the method of distinguishing conductive from sensorineural hearing loss?

Back 45

RINNE TEST

Front 46

What are the Rinne Fork cycles?

Back 46

256, 512, 1024, placed 1/2" from the external auditory meatus and again with the vibrating stem placed over the mastoid.

Front 47

Using the Rinne test how Sensorineural loss is detected ?

Back 47

RINNE test, the sound is heard longer by air conduction.

Front 48

Using the Rinne test how Conductive hearing loss is determined?

Back 48

RINNE test the sound is heard longer by bone conduction.

Front 49

How is auditory acuity tested?

Back 49

WEBER TEST - the test is performed by placing the stem of a vibrating 256 Hz tuning fork in the center of the forehead, the midline vertex, or on the maxillary incisors.

Front 50

Using the WEBER test how Conductive hearing loss is determined?

Back 50

the loss of sound is louder in the affected ear, because it does not hear ordinary background noise through the air and receives only vibrations by bone conduction.

Front 51

Using the WEBER test how Sensorineural loss is detected ?

Back 51

in one ear, the unaffected ear perceives the sound as louder.

Front 52

Using the WEBER test how is normal hearing detected ?

Back 52

The loudness of the sound is equal in both ears.

Front 53

Air-Puff Tonometer

Back 53

does NOT touch the eye, records deflections of the cornea from a puff of pressurized air.

Front 54

Schiotz impression and the Aplanation tonometers do what?

Back 54

record the pressure needed to indent or flatten the corneal surface. Elevated pressure reveals glaucoma.

Front 55

What is the ROMBERG test?

Back 55

an indication of loss of the sense of position in which the patient loses balance when standing erect, feet together, eyes closed.

Front 56

Myotic Meds do what?

Back 56

CONSTRICT THE PUPIL

Front 57

Driatics Meds do what?

Back 57

DDDDDDDialate the pupil

Front 58

Postop care for Myringotomy

Back 58

LIE ON THE AFFECTED SIDE TO IMPROVE DRAINAGE FROM THE MIDDLE EAR. Special care when bathing, swimming

Front 59

Preop/Postop care for Cataract removal

Back 59

Eye medication to prepare the eye for surgery. Implantaion of an intraocular lens. Use of a patch over the affected eye, MIOTIC eye drops and cold compresses for discomfort. LAYING FACE DOWN POST OP.

Front 60

Maggie works in a very noisy machine shop for 28 years before retirement. She now has a hearing loss which has been determined to be work-related. Which type of deafness is she most likely to have?
Otosclerosis, sensorineural, conduction, tinnitus

Back 60

sensorineural

Front 61

Which sx is most common in patients with a detached retina? 1-bright flashes of light 2-sudden blindness 3-burning eye pain 3-continual mucous secretion from the eye

Back 61

1-bright flashes of light

Front 62

Peggy Sue is a 4yr old who has just undergone insertion of tympanostomy tubes. Her parents should be given all of the following advice except:
1-Keep ears as dry as possible during bathing 2-When ABX are prescribed, administer the med for the full length of prescribed treatment. 3-Notify the DR or emergency rm. ASAP if a tube falls out. 4- If the ear is draing, the external canal may be cleansed with cotton swabs which have been soaked in hydrogen peroxide.

Back 62

3-Notify the DR or emergency rm. ASAP if a tube falls out.

Front 63

Trabeculoplasty

Back 63

Done in the doctor's office to remove the flow of fluids out of the eye (Glaucoma pts)

Front 64

Trabeculectomy

Back 64

creates new drainage path in the eye for Glaucoma patients. Usually under the eyelid. This must be done in an operating room.