Senses/nervous System

Front 1

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Back 1

subdivision of peripheral nervous system

Front 2

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Back 2

nerves that extend to the outlying parts of the body; branches off

Front 3

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Back 3

Brain & Spinal cord

Front 4

Dendrite

Back 4

branching projection of neurons

Front 5

schwann cell

Back 5

forms myelin outside the CNS

Front 6

another name for motor neuron

Back 6

efferent

Front 7

Nodes of Ranvier

Back 7

indentions between adjacent schwann cells

Front 8

Facicles

Back 8

groups of wrapped axons

Front 9

epineurium

Back 9

covers whole nerve

Front 10

a group of nerve-cell bodies located in the PNS ?

Back 10

inter-neurons

Front 11

simplest kind of reflex arc

Back 11

2 neuron arc

Front 12

3 neuron arcs contain what types of neurons ?

Back 12

1. sensory neurons
2. inter-neurons
3. motor neurons

Front 13

impulse in reflex arc starts in ?

Back 13

Receptors

Front 14

what is a synapse?

Back 14

space that separates the axon of 1 neuron from the dendrites of another neuron.

Front 15

what is a reflex?

Back 15

response to impulse conduction over reflex arcs

Front 16

what is a withdraw reflex ?

Back 16

Contraction of a muscle ; causes pull away

Front 17

what is ganglion ?

Back 17

group of nerve-cell bodies in the PNS

Front 18

true or false: All inter-neurons lie entirely within the gray matter of the CNS

Back 18

True

Front 19

what impulse causes knee-jerk?

Back 19

patellar reflex

Front 20

endorphins & enkephalins are neurotransmitter that conduct ____ impulses

Back 20

pain

Front 21

neurotransmitters are chemicals that allow nuerons to ____

Back 21

communicate w/ each other

Front 22

Acetycholine is an example of __

Back 22

neurotransmitter

Front 23

A Synaptic knob is a tiny bulge at the end of

Back 23

post-synaptic neurons axons

Front 24

true or false:
Nerve impulses continually race along every nerve cell's surface.

Back 24

false ; do not

Front 25

what is the Medulla ?

Back 25

part of brainstem that joins the spinal cord to the brain

Front 26

what is NOT a function of the brainstem ?

Back 26

centers for speech & memory.

Front 27

ADH is produced by ?

Back 27

Hypothalamus

Front 28

4 Functions of the Hypothalamus

Back 28

1. controls heart rate
2. constrictions of blood vessels
3.contraction of stomach
4.produces hormone

Front 29

What is the Thalamus ?

Back 29

arousal or alerting mechanism

Front 30

4 functions of cerebrum ?

Back 30

1. memory
2. awareness of sensations
3. consciousness
4.movement

Front 31

simplest kind of reflex arc

Back 31

2 neuron arc

Front 32

3 neuron arcs contain what types of neurons ?

Back 32

1. sensory neurons
2. inter-neurons
3. motor neurons

Front 33

impulse in reflex arc starts in ?

Back 33

Receptors

Front 34

what is a synapse?

Back 34

space that separates the axon of 1 neuron from the dendrites of another neuron.

Front 35

what is a reflex?

Back 35

response to impulse conduction over reflex arcs

Front 36

what is a withdraw reflex ?

Back 36

Contraction of a muscle ; causes pull away

Front 37

what is ganglion ?

Back 37

group of nerve-cell bodies in the PNS

Front 38

true or false: All inter-neurons lie entirely within the gray matter of the CNS

Back 38

True

Front 39

what impulse causes knee-jerk?

Back 39

patellar reflex

Front 40

endorphins & enkephalins are neurotransmitter that conduct ____ impulses

Back 40

pain

Front 41

which lobe is responsible for perception of sound

Back 41

temporal lobe

Front 42

visual perception is located in the ?

Back 42

occipital

Front 43

largest section of brain

Back 43

Cerebrum

Front 44

Parkinson's disease is a disease of

Back 44

Cerebral nuclei

Front 45

cerebrovascular accident is also known as

Back 45

stroke

Front 46

What is Basal Ganglia ?

Back 46

gray matter in cerebrum

Front 47

NOT a function of cerebellum

Back 47

Associates sensations w/ emotions

Front 48

3 functions of cerebellum

Back 48

1. equilibrium
2. movements
3. maintain posture.

Front 49

what are Spinal Tracts?

Back 49

bundles of myelinated nerve fibers; make columns of spinal cord.

Front 50

loss of sensation by spinal cord injury

Back 50

anesthesia

Front 51

Olfactory

Back 51

sense of smell

Front 52

optic

Back 52

sight/vision

Front 53

2 systems regulate body function

Back 53

1. nervous system
2. endocrine system

Front 54

dopamine, serotonin belong to group of compounds called ?

Back 54

catecholamines

Front 55

plays role is arousal & alerting mechanism & produce sensations

Back 55

Thalamus

Front 56

connects impulses from the sensory neuron to motor neuron

Back 56

inter-neurons

Front 57

2 subdivisions of PNS

Back 57

1. ANS (autonomic nervous system)
2. Somatic Nervous System

Front 58

function of ANS

Back 58

regulates involuntary vital function. ex/ heart, breathing . etc)

Front 59

function of Somatic Nervous System?

Back 59

controls voluntary actions of skeletal muscles

Front 60

efferent neurons are also known as

Back 60

motor neurons

Front 61

afferent neurons are also known as

Back 61

Sensory neurons

Front 62

group of peripheral axons is

Back 62

nerves

Front 63

Parkinson disease is a deficiency of what neurotransmitter

Back 63

dopamine

Front 64

3 parts of brain stem

Back 64

1.medulla oblongata
2. pons
3.midbrain

Front 65

3 layers of Menegines ?

Back 65

1. Pia Matter
2.Dura Matter
3. Arachnoid Matter

Front 66

considered a seizure disorder

Back 66

epilepsy

Front 67

stabbing pain in trigeminal nerve in head called Trigeminal Neurologia is also known as ?

Back 67

Tic Doulourex

Front 68

carries impulses toward cell body

Back 68

dendrites

Front 69

vital center of brain

Back 69

Medulla Oblongata

Front 70

knee- jerk is a type of

Back 70

reflex arc

Front 71

simplest nervous system pathway

Back 71

2-Neuron pathway

Front 72

carries nerves impulses away from the body

Back 72

axons

Front 73

reactivation of varicella virus (chicken pox)

Back 73

Shingles

Front 74

stroke & cerebral palsy is causes by lack of ?

Back 74

oxygen to the brain

Front 75

2 NERVES part of pns

Back 75

1. Cranial nerves
2. Spinal nerves

Front 76

Mylein disorder

Back 76

M.S (multiple Sclerosis)

Front 77

2 neurotransmitter act morphanie0like help w/pain

Back 77

1. endorphins
2. enkephalius

Front 78

cerebrospinal fluid fills spaces in brain cell cerebral

Back 78

Ventricles

Front 79

inherited disorder ; purposeless movement progressing to dementia

Back 79

Huntington Disease

Front 80

what is meningitis?

Back 80

inflammation if the meninges

Front 81

common type of tumor

Back 81

glioma

Front 82

2 types of cells found in nervous system

Back 82

1. glia
2. nerves

Front 83

what is Pons?

Back 83

part of brainstem; pathway between brain & body.

Front 84

function of spinal cord

Back 84

carries messages to & from brain & rest of body

Front 85

Medulla Oblongata centers

Back 85

cardiac, respiratory & vasomotor center

Front 86

Gustatory Cells

Back 86

sense of taste

Front 87

function of General Sense organ ?

Back 87

detects pain or touch

Front 88

4 special senses

Back 88

All located on Face:
1. Taste
2. Smell
3. Eye
4. Ears

Front 89

function of Special Senses

Back 89

Detect environmental stimuli & transduce energy into electrical impulses.

Front 90

white part of eye is commonly known as

Back 90

Sclera

Front 91

Colored part of eye

Back 91

iris

Front 92

"window" of eye

Back 92

cornea

Front 93

mucous covers front of eye

Back 93

conjunctiva

Front 94

contracts & dilates pupil allowing more or less light to enter

Back 94

iris

Front 95

lens is held in place by

Back 95

ciliary muscle

Front 96

condition; eye can no longer focus on near objects

Back 96

Presbyopia

Front 97

FLUID in front of eye. constantly formed & drained

Back 97

Aqueous Humor

Front 98

if aqueous humor drainage is blocked , it causes pressure & cases what condition >

Back 98

Glaucoma

Front 99

Rods & cones located in

Back 99

Retina

Front 100

Blind spot also called

Back 100

Optic Disc

Front 101

night blindness

Back 101

NYctalopia

Front 102

Pink eye

Back 102

Conjunctivitis

Front 103

cloudy spots on lens

Back 103

cataracts

Front 104

Hyperopia

Back 104

Farsightedness

Front 105

loss of center visual field

Back 105

Scotoma

Front 106

irregularity in cornea

Back 106

astigmatism

Front 107

2 parts of external ear

Back 107

1. Pinna ((Auricle))
2. External Acoustic Canal

Front 108

Tympanic Membrane also called

Back 108

eardrum

Front 109

bones of middle ear called

Back 109

Ossicles

Front 110

stapes presses against

Back 110

oval window

Front 111

middle ear infection called

Back 111

Otitis media

Front 112

"Ringing in Ear"

Back 112

Tinnitus

Front 113

Hearing loss with age

Back 113

Presbycusis

Front 114

chronic inner ear disease; nerve deafness & vertigo

Back 114

Meniere Disease

Front 115

Structures found on tongue

Back 115

papillae

Front 116

nerve impulses of taste buds travel through 2 ___ nerves

Back 116

Cranial

Front 117

Type of Receptor ; sense of smell

Back 117

Chemo-receptors

Front 118

to be detected in olfactory receptors, chemicals must be dissolved in

Back 118

mucus; that lines nasal cavity.

Front 119

photoreceptors for night vision

Back 119

rods

Front 120

photoreceptors for day vision

Back 120

cones

Front 121

cones see what 3 colors

Back 121

1.Red
2. Green
3. Blue

Front 122

where are Ossicles

Back 122

middle ear

Front 123

what is Christae Ampullares & where is it
man Christina won the Mechanical Race.She Circles Champions

Back 123

mechanical receptor; semi-circle canal. (helps w/ balance)

Front 124

2 chemoreceptors & function

Back 124

1. Gustatory-taste
2 Olfactory - smell

Front 125

2 Propioceptors

Back 125

1. golgi tendon
2 muscle spindles

Front 126

where is pinna

Back 126

external ear

Front 127

common name for sclera

Back 127

white of eye

Front 128

if eyeball is too short from front to back it causes what condition ?

Back 128

Hyperopia (Farsightedness)

Front 129

leading cause of blindness in elderly ?

Back 129

Macula Degeneration

Front 130

3 Refraction Disorders

Back 130

1.Hyperopia
2.Cataract
3.Myopia

Front 131

main function of sense receptors?

Back 131

-Detect
-Convert
-Perceive

Front 132

receptor; sense of balance & hearing

Back 132

mechanoreceptors

Front 133

3 functions of inner ear

Back 133

- hearing
- balance
- equilibrium

Front 134

Auditory tube also called

Back 134

Ustatium tube

Front 135

where is auditory tube

Back 135

between middle ear & throat

Front 136

known as "window of eye"

Back 136

cornea

Front 137

greatest # of touch receptors on body

Back 137

fingertips

Front 138

3 layers of Eye :

Back 138

1.Sclera
2. Retina
3. Choroid

Front 139

what is sclera

Back 139

outer layer;no light comes though

Front 140

What is retina
(contains?)

Back 140

Contains rods & cones

Front 141

what is choroid

Back 141

middle layer; contains blood vessels & nerves; Scatters light.

Front 142

2 structures make part of choroid

Back 142

Iris & scerly muscles

Front 143

where is " Organ of Corti" & what does it do

Back 143

Cochlea ; generate nerve impulses for hearing .

Front 144

elongated eyeball causes what condition ?

Back 144

Myopia (nearsightedness)

Front 145

what is a 2 point Discrimination?

Back 145

distinguish 1 touch stimulations from 2

Front 146

Fovea

Back 146

cones; on retina

Front 147

what are Proprioceptors ?

Back 147

special receptors; near tendents & muscles

Front 148

what is Perilymph

Back 148

watery fluid

Front 149

what is Endolymph?

Back 149

Thick liquid in Inner Ear (vestibule, semi circular canals & cochlea

Front 150

where is cochlea ?

Back 150

inner ear

Front 151

3 bones of ossicles:
(SIM)

Back 151

1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes

Front 152

3 bones of ossicles:

Back 152

1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes

Front 153

Pinna is also called

Back 153

auricle

Front 154

3parts of middle ear
middle child; Venny, Seriously, Control & Calm

Back 154

vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea

Front 155

divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Back 155

sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system