Semiotic Terms

Front 1

making, circulating, and receiving signs

Back 1

communication

Front 2

something which stands to somebody for something in some respect or capacity

Back 2

sign

Front 3

stands for something by resembling the something

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icon

Front 4

stands for something by pointing to the something

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index

Front 5

stands for something by a social agreement that x means y

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symbol

Front 6

names an action you do with words

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speech act verb

Front 7

semiotic systems; shared forms of communication

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culture

Front 8

"in some respect or capacity" refers to:

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Three grounds

Front 9

How many of the three grounds does a cross pendant possess?

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icon, index, and notably symbol

Front 10

Words like plop, plunk, and drip are best seen as?

Back 10

icons (they sound like the words they represent)

Front 11

A highway sign is a(n)?

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an index

Front 12

signs that mean by "arbitrary convention"

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fully cultural signs

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Jakobson, "The value of a ______ is that it serves to make thought and conduct rational."

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symbol

Front 14

A sign that focuses attention and may not just be affected by its object but can help create its object

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index

Front 15

Everything a person does that signals their identity and everything about speech that signals who we take each other to be.

Back 15

indexes

Front 16

Two sided dyad that states: The ________ is the material aspect of a sign and the _________ is a mental concept.

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Signifier/Signified

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individual acts of speech

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parole

Front 18

a system of differences between signs

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langue

Front 19

Sign has a triadic relationship. The ____ itself has a relation to an _____ which "translates" an _____

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sign(representament)/object/interpretant

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What the sign stands for (Pierce)

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object

Front 21

(Pierce) An _____ object is as it is represented by the sign; a _____ object is independent of the sign which leads to the production of the sign.

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immediate/dynamic

Front 22

a proper significant effect as a result of the encounter with a sign

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interpreter

Front 23

(Pierce) An _____ interpretant manifests itself in the correct understanding of the sign. A _____ interpretant is the direct result of the sign. A _____ interpretant is the relatively rare result of a sign which functions fully in every instance of its use.

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immediate/dynamic/final

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The infinite potential for an interpretant to create another sign that will in turn create another object, then interpretant, then object, then ...

Back 24

ulimited semiosis

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"feeling"; has no relation or oppositions; it is merely a ''possibility''; (not physical)

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firstness

Front 26

the realm of brute facts occurring from a relationship; realization of the co-existence and relation of things but non-systematically

Back 26

secondness

Front 27

The _____ is a first; the _____ is a second; the _____ is a third.

Back 27

sign(representament)/object/interpretant

Front 28

a grammar governed representational system; constrasts with systems of animal communication

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language

Front 29

the syntax of structuring; a set of rules tellling how to put units together

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grammar

Front 30

the realm of brute facts occurring from a relationship; realization of the co-existence and relation of things but non-systematically

Back 30

secondness

Front 31

The _____ is a first; the _____ is a second; the _____ is a third.

Back 31

sign(representament)/object/interpretant

Front 32

a grammar governed representational system; constrasts with systems of animal communication

Back 32

language

Front 33

the syntax of structuring; a set of rules telling how to put units together

Back 33

grammar

Front 34

the capacity and tendency for language to be able to assemble parts into coherent wholes in larger and larger amount

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compositionality

Front 35

Saussure thought it "too variable" to be studied scientifically

Back 35

parole

Front 36

It is what Saussure focused mainly on - a system of grammatical rules treated as though it were cut off from actual use by real speakers

Back 36

langue

Front 37

No sign means anything on its own; signs exist only in relationships; a sign's meaning comes from what it is not(contrasts with) more than what it is.

Back 37

Structuralism (Saussure)

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Language that relies on a set of relations; the relational significance of each sign is its value

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Suassure's Language

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each letter of the alphabet contrasts and relates to others

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Structuralism's relation to phonology

Front 40

Textual relations are the results of _____ and _____. They are the two relational dimensions Saussure and Agar say give meaning to linguistic signs. Correspond to paradigmatic and syntagmatic.

Back 40

sorting(choice)/stringing

Front 41

the quality of some entity being greater than the sum of its parts, or being capable of things that its constituent parts are not capable of.
(termite mound)

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emergence

Front 42

not only a way of representing but a way of "pointing to"
(application of index)

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communication

Front 43

turns an index into an icon

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stereotype

Front 44

a representation of the world; signs

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culture

Front 45

tool that links a human to it's environment; a tool kit that includes material tools and semiotic objects/tools

Back 45

culture

Front 46

a key mediator; used to substitute for cruder acts; suggests and implements alternative ways of relating to objects and people

Back 46

language

Front 47

may involve speech, the mouth - oral linguistic habit; always involves the body; is diverse over various cultures

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practices

Front 48

the many forms of learning to become a competent member of society that take place through language

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language socialization

Front 49

transmitted socially and linguistically but not genetically

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culture

Front 50

not material things or feelings or values in themselves but the way those things are organized; material things, including words, carry it; can be thought of as a mental map or set of guidelines stored within individuals

Back 50

culture

Front 51

Two kinds of cultural knowledge are _____ which is knowing what and _____ which is knowing how

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propositional/procedural

Front 52

a population of people; an empirical group bounded by limits of interdependence as well as its degree of cultural identification (Martians would notice these while viewing Earth)

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societies

Front 53

the set of practices, perspectives, tools, rules, sensibilities, etc that enables a society to function and its members to interact

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culture

Front 54

_____ is a group that interacts and _____ is how the group interacts

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society/culture

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People belong to or participate in these

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society (not culture)

Front 56

has connections with social roles, categories, and institutions; power; ideologies

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language use

Front 57

this is maintained in social organizations like animal societies and supported and enforced with signs from certain members to others

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hierarchy

Front 58

_____ is a social standing one is born into and _____ is a social standing one earns

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caste/class

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the "dictionary meaning"

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semantic

Front 60

appropriateness to context; effectiveness to context; "social meaning"

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pragmatic

Front 61

a metaphor for metacommunication. when a metasignal "frames" a signal - "base"

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framing

Front 62

a multi-layered signal consisting of words wrapped in intonation.

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speech

Front 63

tells a listener how to interpret a speaker's speech; sentences signaling, but also framed by, genre expectations

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intonation

Front 64

allows for participants to use signals in ways different than 'serious' life

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play

Front 65

the relationship between signs, especially words and other elements of language, and their users; the study of language as it is used in a social context

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metapragmatic

Front 66

it may label, comment on, take a stance toward a particular use of an indexical form or instance of pragmatic function; brings pragmatic into context

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metapragmatic

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verbs like: argue, claim, assert, demonstrate, ...

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metapragmatic verbs

Front 68

ideas connected to power; a set of aims and ideas that direct one's goals, expectations, and actions

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ideology

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more than one voice

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multivocality

Front 70

gives signs meaning from their association with other signs

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pragmatic relations

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jati

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Hindu caste groups

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varna system

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system of classifying Hindu social groups(jati)

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varna for Hindu temple priests

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Brahmis

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varna for kings and warriors

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kshatriyas

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varna for farmers

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vaishyas

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varna for those who serve the other three higher varna

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shudras

Front 77

group outside the varna system; called untouchables, harijans, outcasts, or dalits and considered inferior

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paraiyars

Front 78

so-called "confusion" of pronouns in songs by, for example, the elderly woman Nilamma; Trawick says this ____ defies or undermines caste hierarchy.

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style

Front 79

(Trawick) the way a singer uses pronouns either to maintain or to dissolve boundaries between self and other

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style

Front 80

The same as "indexical" meaning; what some bit of speech or writing does as a social act

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pragmatic meaning

Front 81

(Bakhtin's view) the active presence of more than one voice [or perspective, or social position]" in a single utterance, or the speech of a single person. Bakhtin and Trawick discovered that these voices can speak to, or play with, each other.

Back 81

multivocality

Front 82

(action words) that name acts of speech; the verb must name what the actor is doing

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metapragmatic verbs

Front 83

can carry an ideological message

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discursive style